The ability to estimate distance and time to spatial goals is fundamental for survival. In cases where a region of space must be navigated around to reach a location (circumnavigation), the distance along the path is greater than the straight-line Euclidean distance. To explore how such circumnavigation impacts on estimates of distance and time, we tested participants on their ability to estima...

Does a stop a commuter makes on the way to or from work adversely affect peak-period traffic? This question is addressed by examining the effects of stops made as part of commute journeys upon daily, as well as peak-period, travel time and distance, using a six-week travel diary data set from Germany. Increments in travel time and distance due to stops made in commute journeys are evaluated and...

Previous studies on the effect of spectral content on auditory distance perception (ADP) focused on the physically measurable cues occurring either in the near field (low-pass filtering due to head diffraction) or when the sound travels distances >15 m (high-frequency energy losses due to air absorption). Here, we study how the spectrum of a sound arriving from a source located in a reverberant...

An examination of the tourism literature shows little cross-cultural research, particularly in the context of tourist behaviour. This is disconcerting as more tourism bodies are seen to be developing global or multi-country promotional campaigns. This paper will compare and contrast the perceptions of travel distance held by tourists from Australia and the United States, two cultures that are o...

This paper considers a generalization of travel time distances by taking general underlying distance functions into account. We suggest a reasonable set of axioms defining a certain class of distance functions that can be facilitated with transportation networks. It turns out to be able to build an abstract framework for computing shortest path maps and Voronoi diagrams with respect to the indu...

Shortest path can be computed in real-time for single navigational instructions. However, complex optimisation tasks, lots of travel-distances (lengths shortest paths) are needed and the total workload becomes a burden. We present fast method estimating travel-distance from one location to another by using an overhead graph that stores ratio between bird-distance few representative locations. T...