Various organic compounds used as diluents, modifiers and extractants in lactic acid extraction have been tested to determine their toxicity towards Lactobacillus casei cells. The toxicity on molecular and phase level has been investigated. In general, the tested hydrocarbons were non-toxic on molecular level and showed variable toxicity on phase level. Among the tested alcohols octanol and ole...

Due to rising oil price and environmental aspects, research on alternatives for petroleum based chemicals and fuels is growing in recent years. Biomass is one potential raw material for producing non-petroleum derived chemicals and fuels. Different catalysts and reaction steps are required to generate the same products in comparison with the petroleum based processes. One possible starting mate...