Lead Tungstate crystals for the CMS detector at LHC have to withstand severe levels of radiation. Presented here are measurement techniques and results on crystal behaviour under gamma irradiation from tests at ETH/PSI in conditions similar to what is expected during operation of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter. Presented at International Workshop on Lead Tungstate crystals, Rome, Italy, Oc...

Anabaena variabilis ATCC 29413 has two distinct nitrogenases that function in heterocysts, a conventional Mo-nitrogenase and an alternative V-nitrogenase. Synthesis of these two enzymes was repressed in cells growing with a source of fixed nitrogen, such as ammonium; however, the V-nitrogenase was also repressed by Mo. Expression of the V-nitrogenase which was not affected by V and expression o...

In this paper we present results of a study on the yttrium doping in lead tungstate crystals. The crystal growth by modified Bridgman method is described. Results of trace analysis on raw materials and crystals are presented. The segregation coefficient of yttrium ions in lead tungstate crystals was determined. The scintillation emission and longitudinal transmittance spectra, light output, dec...

BACKGROUND Diabetes induces great alterations in female reproductive function. We analyzed the effects of tungstate, an anti-diabetic agent, on the reproductive function of healthy and diabetic female rats. METHODS Healthy and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated with sodium tungstate (2 mg/ml in their drinking water) for 12 weeks. Markers of reproductive function and diabetes we...

The balance between the rates of protein synthesis and degradation in muscle is regulated by PI3K/Akt signaling. Here we addressed the effect of ERK activation by sodium tungstate on protein turnover in rat L6 myotubes. Phosphorylation of ERK by this compound increased protein synthesis by activating MTOR and prevented dexamethasone-induced protein degradation by blocking FoxO3a activity, but i...

Oral administration of sodium tungstate to adult male streptozotocin-diabetic rats for 3 months normalized serum levels of glucose, insulin, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone. These effects were accompanied by an increase in reproductive performance, which was related to a strong improvement in Leydig cell function markers, such as the recovery of the number of Leydig cells ...

The use of tungsten as a replacement for lead and depleted uranium in munitions began in the mid 1990's. Recent reports demonstrate tungsten solubilizes in soil and can migrate into drinking water supplies and therefore is a potential health risk to humans. This study evaluated the reproductive and neurobehavioral effects of sodium tungstate in Sprague-Dawley rats following 70 days of daily pre...

Background. Two concurrent, childhood leukemia clusters have been identified in the southwestern United States at Fallon, Nevada, and Sierra Vista, Arizona. Additionally, Fallon, Nevada has also experienced concurrent contamination by atmospheric tungsten particles. The etiology of leukemia is not known. Hypothesized risk factors for leukemia are environmental exposure, genetic predisposition, ...

Interferon, interferon inducers, and a variety of other immunomodulators are known to depress the hepatic cytochrome P-450 drug-metabolizing system. Two concepts have been proposed to explain this phenomenon. (a) The steady-state of cytochrome P-450 is altered through decreased synthesis and increased degradation of cytochrome P-450 apoprotein. (b) Interferon induces xanthine oxidase; superoxid...

GdFe 3 (BO ) 4 , single crystals were grown from melt-solutions based on bismuth trimolybdate and lithium tungstate. Single of gadolinium ferroborate lithium-tungstate solution-melt for the first time. The magnetic properties are compared. It is shown that obtained using contains impurities Bi 3+ ions (6% at.), which replace Gd ions. Whereas a tungstate does not seem to contain such uncontrolle...