Nowadays, because of the need to decrease fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions and also their capability of exchanging power with the grid and regulating the frequency and voltage of the grid at different times of the day, electric vehicles are used more than before all across the world. It is highly important to pay attention to the efficiency, and decrease in the weight and volume of...

A unidirectional link exists in an ad-hoc network when a node B is within the transmission range of another node A while node A cannot directly hear node B. However, a reverse route from B to A might exist, by going through multiple nodes. Unidirectional links may exist in an ad hoc network due to variation in transmission power of different nodes, noise or other signal propagation phenomena, a...

New perspectives for the electric vehicle (EV) operation in smart grids and smart homes context are presented. Nowadays, plugged-in EVs are equipped with on-board battery chargers just to perform the charging process from the electrical power grid (G2V – grid-to-vehicle mode). Although this is the main goal of such battery chargers, maintaining the main hardware structure and changing the digit...

Recently, adopting mobile energy chargers to replenish the energy supply of sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks has gained increasing attention from the research community. Different from energy harvesting systems, the utilization of mobile energy chargers is able to provide more reliable energy supply than the dynamic energy harvested from the surrounding environment. While pioneering wor...

This document describes a set of Extension Headers for the Unidirectional Lightweight Encapsulation (ULE), RFC 4326. The Extension Header formats specified in this document define extensions appropriate to both ULE and the Generic Stream Encapsulation (GSE) for the second-generation framing structure defined by the Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) family of specifications.

Wireless rechargeable sensor networks are becoming crucial and important in recent years for the advancement of wireless energy transmission technology. The previous research showed that not all of sensors can be recharged due to the limitation of energy capacity that mobile chargers can carry. If a sensor playing a critical role in a sensing task cannot function as usual due to exhausted energ...

An experimental comparison of single-phase active rectifiers for electric vehicle (EV) battery chargers is presented and discussed. Active rectifiers are used in on-board EV battery chargers as front-end converters to interface the power grid aiming to preserve the power quality. In this paper, four topologies of active rectifiers are compared: traditional power-factor-correction; symmetrical b...

Sonic jet chargers have originally been used in aerosol measurement devices for particle charging and neutralization. Here, our goal was to study if this charger type could be used in particle control devices in which particle concentrations and gas volumes are much higher. The study includes charging efficiency tests in a laboratory and with a commercial 20 kW wood pellet burner. Actual partic...

Battery maintainers are widely used in marine and ground vehicles whose batteries have cycles of operation involving long periods of non-active life. Durability of such batteries, without proper maintenance, does not exceed one year. Extension of the battery life-time requires very thorough monitoring and periodic, preferably automatic recharging to replenish lost charge due to battery selfdisc...

The satellite network does not have the IP layer where the IPsec [2][3] is designed for. Therefore, a new algorithm is needed to secure the satellite link at link layer or physical layer. This paper will give a short analysis on the advantages and disadvantages of the MPEG-2 TS encryption and present an approach trying to use the extension header of Unidirectional Lightweight Encapsulation (ULE...