We propose theoretically and demonstrate experimentally a dislocated double-layer metal grating structure, which operates as a unidirectional coupler capable of launching surface plasmon polaritons in a desired direction under normal illumination. The structure consists of a slanted dielectric grating sandwiched between two gold gratings. The upper gold grating has a nonzero lateral relative di...

A unidirectional link exists in an ad-hoc network when a node B is within the transmission range of another node A while node A cannot directly hear node B. However, a reverse route from B to A might exist, by going through multiple nodes. Unidirectional links may exist in an ad hoc network due to variation in transmission power of different nodes, noise or other signal propagation phenomena, a...

Abstract: Inclination of the bias magnetization in a magnetooptic waveguide yields both nonreciprocal phase shifts and polarization conversion. This enables the design of unidirectional polarization converters, i.e. waveguides that switch between orthogonal polarizations for one direction of light propagation, but keep the polarization state for light propagating in the opposite direction. Simu...

The Multi-Protocol Encapsulation (MpE) is a standard method for encapsulating IP packets into MpEG-2 TS frames. However MPE has some disadvantages in simplicity and efficiency to support next generation network. The Unidirectional Lightweight Encapsulation (uLE) is a new solution to overcome limitations of MpE. In uLE, packets are layered directly into the payload field of MPEG-2 TS frames. Thi...

This paper is motivated by the observation that current research in ad hoc networks mostly assumes a physically flat network architecture with the nodes having homogeneous characteristics, roles, and networkingand processingcapabilities (e.g., network resources, computing power, and transmission power). In real-world ad hoc networks however, node heterogeneity is inherent. New mechanisms at the...

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have been shown to be very effective for many sequential prediction problems such as speech recognition, machine translation, part-of-speech tagging, and others. The best variant is typically a bidirectional RNN that learns representation for a sequence by performing a forward and a backward pass through the entire sequence. However, unlike unidirectional RNNs, ...

In a mesh network, each node acts as a router/repeater for other nodes in the network. These nodes can be fixed pieces of network infrastructure and/or can be the mobile devices themselves. In such networks, because of the heterogeneous transmission range of the clients and routers, link asymmetry problem exists. Link asymmetry poses several challenges such as the unidirectional link problem, t...

We present an analytical proof of the existence of unidirectional optical Bloch oscillations in a waveguide array system. It is shown that the presence of nonreciprocity in the system allows for a complete normal-mode dephasing in one of the propagation directions, resulting in a unidirectional breakdown in Bloch oscillations. A model system consisting of an array of transversely magnetized asy...

The magnetic behavior of Fe lines on top of a continuous FeF 2 antiferromagnetic layer was investigated as a function of the orientation of the lines with respect to the applied magnetic field and a unidirectional anisotropy established by field cooling. The orientational dependence of the asymmetric loop shift, called exchange bias, shows that the competition between shape and unidirectional a...

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) consist of a set of similar mobile nodes, communicating with each other using wireless links. As a node may not be able to directly reach every other node, a packet may need to traverse multiple wireless links from its source to its destination. Unidirectional links can occur in such networks. Several existing routing protocols implicitly assume bidirectional lin...