We suggest a simple grand unified theory where the fifth dimensional coordinate is compactified on an S/(Z2 × Z ′ 2) orbifold. This model contains additional 10 + 10, (15 + 15) and two 24 Higgs multiplets in the non-supersymmetric SU(5) grand unified theory. Although this model is non-supersymmetric theory, the gauge coupling unification is realized due to the mass splittings of Higgs multiplet...

Maximum entropy (Maxent) is useful in natural language processing and many other areas. Iterative scaling (IS) methods are one of the most popular approaches to solve Maxent. With many variants of IS methods, it is difficult to understand them and see the differences. In this paper, we create a general and unified framework for iterative scaling methods. This framework also connects iterative s...

In unified field theories with more than four dimensions, the form of the equations of physics in spacetime depends in general on the choice of coordinates in higher dimensions. The reason is that the group of coordinate transformations in (say) five dimensions is broader than in spacetime. This kind of gauge dependence is illustrated by two examples: a cosmological model in general relativity ...

We propose a unified framework for the analysis of estimators of geometrical vector quantities and vector systems through a collection of performance measures. Unlike standard performance indicators, these measures have intuitive geometrical and physical interpretations, are independent of the coordinate reference frame, and are applicable to arbitrary parameterizations of the unknown vector or...

This book provides a synopsis of spacetime calculus with applications to classical electrodynamics, quantum theory and gravitation. The calculus is a coordinate-free mathematical language enabling a unified treatment of all these topics and bringing new insights and methods to each of them.

Underspecified semantic structures serve as the basis for indexing terms for information retrieval. Biomedical semantic types from the National Library of Medicine’s Unified Medical Language System® constrain coordinate structures to increase the accuracy of the semantic representation. Preliminary experiments conducted on 3,000 MEDLINE titles and abstracts indicate that the approach contribute...

An intelligent space is a space constructed with many networked sensors. Humans and robots in the space are extracted and tracked cooperatively by the networked sensors. The intelligent space can achieve position-based supports to humans and robots according to integration of networked sensors. Generally, the networked sensors are distributed and fixed on the structures in the space such as wal...

xiii Chapter 1: Introduction 1 1.1 The Role of Geocoding in Research and Practice 1 1.2 Motivation and Problem Statement 6 1.3 Geocoding Quality Metrics 9 1.3 Thesis Statement 11 1.4 Contributions of the Research 11 1.5 Outline of the Dissertation 12 Chapter 2: From Text to Geographic Coordinates – A Review 14 2.1 Chapter 2 Introduction 14 2.2 The Concept of Geocoding 16 2.3 Geocoding Fundament...