Is moral judgment accomplished by intuition or conscious reasoning? An answer demands a detailed account of the moral principles in question. We investigated three principles that guide moral judgments: (a) Harm caused by action is worse than harm caused by omission, (b) harm intended as the means to a goal is worse than harm foreseen as the side effect of a goal, and (c) harm involving physica...

Ethics in relation to the practice of medicine had continuity from the time of Hippocrates (ca. 460-377 BC) to the 1970s focusing on the physician-patient relationship and moral obligations of beneficence and nonmaleficence. In the 1970s developments such as the gene splicing method and in vitro fertilization (IVF) created concerns about the adequacy of these long-established moral obligations ...

This article discusses institutional global ethics and its applications. Different approaches to applied ethics are discussed. The discussion focuses on whether a set of plausible ethical principles can be found that have global application to institutions of various forms in contexts connected with sustainability and human well-being generally. The article is divided into four major sections. ...

chivalry mores and etiquettes have never been limited to a specific time, place, or tradition, but the topic of discussion in this research holds some symbols of chivalry mores in iranian architecture in islamic period. chivalry principles, in islamic period, are based on the pure nature of manliness and its origin and orientation goes back to imams and prophets. by obeying and adherence to the...

BACKGROUND There have been different ethical approaches to the issues in the history of philosophy. Two American philosophers Beachump and Childress formulated some ethical principles namely 'respect to autonomy', 'justice', 'beneficence' and 'non-maleficence'. These 'four principles' were presented by the authors as universal and applicable to any culture and society. Mawlana, a great figure i...

According to rationalism regarding the psychology of moral judgment, people’s moral judgments are generally the result of a process of reasoning that relies on moral principles or rules. By contrast, intuitionist models of moral judgment hold that people generally come to have moral judgments about particular cases on the basis of gut-level, emotion-driven intuition, and do so without reliance ...

When interpreting the actions of people from other societies from a moral point of view, we often err. Two types of errors are of particular relevance here. One consists in overestimating the similarity across cultures of the moral judgments that guide people’s actions and interactions. The other consists in underestimating this similarity. Arguably, the first kind of error is common among psyc...

rawls’ theory of justice is expressed in a constructivist procedure. he holds that his constructivist procedure is free of metaphysical presuppositions. his constructivist procedure is here pursued in three stages: (1) in a theory of justice, rawls intends to come to moral principles regarding the original position which could even result in other moral principles as well. he also asserts some ...

The case for U.S. health system reform aimed at achieving wider insurance coverage in the population and disciplining the growth of costs is fundamentally a moral case, grounded in two principles: (1) a principle of social justice, the Just Sharing of the costs of illness, and (2) a related principle of fairness, the Prevention of Free-Riding. These principles generate an argument for universal...