Toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) and RNA helicase retinoic-acid-inducible protein-1 (RIG-I) serve as cytoplasmic sensors for viral RNA components. In this study, we investigated how the TLR3 and RIG-I signalling pathway was stimulated by viral infection to produce interleukin (IL)-32-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I interferon in the corneal epithelium using Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-in...

The retinoic acid-induced protein I (Rig-I/Ddx58), (RIG-I) initiates a signaling cascade that induces innate immune defences which is associated with the production of type I interferons (IFNs) and inflammatory cytokines to establish an antiviral state. Aberrant RIG-I signaling leads to inflammation, autoimmune diseases and cancer. However, the role of RIG-I in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is...

Rat insulinoma gene (rig) was first isolated from a rat insulinoma cDNA library (1). Homologues of rig were also isolated from human (2), hamster (2), mouse (3), chicken (3) and Xenopus laevis (3) cDNA libraries. The amino acid sequences of isolated rig in the mammals and bird were completely conserved (100%). Using immunological methods, Kitagawa etal. (4) demonstrated that rig is in fact enco...

Retinoic acid inducible gene-I (RIG-I), named for the observation that its mRNA expression is highly upregulated in the progression of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-induced maturation of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells, has been well documented as a pivotal virus-associated molecular pattern recognition receptor (PRR) responsible for triggering innate immunity. Upon recognizing viral ...

Vitamin A can significantly decrease measles-associated morbidity and mortality. Vitamin A can inhibit the replication of measles virus (MeV) in vitro through an RARα- and type I interferon (IFN)-dependent mechanism. Retinoid-induced gene I (RIG-I) expression is induced by retinoids, activated by MeV RNA and is important for IFN signaling. We hypothesized that RIG-I is central to retinoid-media...

conclusions our results showed that only 17% of the measured points in the oil drilling rig floor were in safe area; 39% were in caution area and 44% were in danger area. in the camp facilities area, 51% of the points were in safe area, 38% were in caution area and 11% in danger area. the main sources of noise exposure in the rig floor area were power generators. materials and methods this was ...

Protein ubiquitination plays an essential role in the regulation of retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) activation and the antiviral immune response. However, the function of the opposite process of deubiquitination in RIG-I activation remains elusive. In this study, we have identified the deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin-specific protease 4 (USP4) as a new regulator for RIG-I activation th...

In this paper we present a new and uniform way of evaluate 3D sensor performance. It is rare that standardized test specifications are used in research on mobile robots. A test rig with objects in the industrial safety standard Safety of industrial trucks driverless trucks and their systems EN1525 is extended by thin vertical and horizontal objects that represent a fork on a forklift, a ladder ...