Vegetable oils and ethanol have been used in a plasmatron reformer to generate synthesis gas. Corn, canola, and soybean oils and ethanol have been reformed at different oxygen to carbon ratios and different power levels. Both homogeneous plasma reforming (uncatalyzed) and catalytic plasma reformer have been evaluated.

An Edgeworth expansion of a Studentized statistic for an ergodic regenerative strong Markov process is validated. A specific nonparametric bootstrap method is proposed and proved to be second-order correct in the light of the Edgeworth expansion, which is a variant of the regenerative block bootstrap designed for discrete-time Markov processes. One-dimensional diffusions and semi-Markov process...

In this work, an experimental study of biomass gasification in different operation conditions has been carried out in an updraft gasifier combined with a porous ceramic reformer. The effects of gasifier temperature, steam to biomass ratio (S/B), and reforming temperature on the gas characteristic parameters were investigated with and without porous ceramic filled in reformer. The results indica...

This paper aimed to demonstrate the capabilities of decomposable semi-regenerative processes for investigation k-out-of-n system. Proposed in 1955 by W. Smith, regeneration idea has come a long way terms development and found widespread applications. First, we briefly recall history main results theory regenerative, semi-regenerative, processes. Then, methods are used study renewable system wit...

The tubes in an Ammonia primary reformer furnace operate close to the limits of materials technology in terms of the stress induced as a result of very high temperatures, combined with large differential pressures across the tube wall. Operation at tube wall temperatures significantly above design can result in a rapid increase in the number of tube failures, since tube life is very sensitive t...

a mathematical model for commercial naphtha catalytic reformer of tehran refinery was developed. this model includes three sequencing fixed beds of pt/al2o3 catalyst at the steady state condition using detailed kinetic scheme involving 26 pseudo-components connected by a network of 47 reactions, in the range of c6 to c9 hydrocarbons. the reaction network consisted dehydrogenation, hydrogenation...

A compact reformer to generate hydrogen for portable fuel cell applications is presented. This reformer is a conventional type single-path tubular reactor packed with granular catalyst particles in which steam reforming and catalytic partial oxidation reactions take place in series using a mixture of methanol and water as a feed. The novel feature of this reformer is in the interlacing of the f...

Integration of a reformer and a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is problematic due to the presence in the gas from the reforming process of a slight amount of carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide poisons the catalyst of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell subsequently degrading the fuel cell performance, and necessitating the sublimation of the reaction gas before supplying to fuel ce...

Reproduced by the permission of ECS – The Electrochemical Society leakages to fuel system will retain the anode in oxidized state. Moreover, some performance loss was measured when the stack was heated to 400 C before fuel supply was started. Therefore, it is recommended that the supply of hydrogen-rich reducing gas is started already below 350 C, or as low temperature as possible, to prevent o...