Upper airway obstruction is common during both anaesthesia and sleep. Obstruction is caused by loss of muscle tone present in the awake state. The velopharynx, a particularly narrow segment, is especially predisposed to obstruction in both states. Patients with a tendency to upper airway obstruction during sleep are vulnerable during anaesthesia and sedation. Loss of wakefulness is compounded b...

Negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) or postobstructive pulmonary edema (POPE) is a form of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema that results from the generation of high negative intrathoracic pressure needed to overcome upper airway obstruction 1. It typically develops rapidly and can be life-threatening if not diagnosed promptly. Following an episode of acute airway obstruction or the relief of...

DOI: 10.4103/0019-5359.49220 Postobstructive pulmonary edema (POPE) i s an uncommon bu t we l l -descr ibed complication of upper airway obstruction. [1-2] Two forms of POPE have been deÞ ned: POPE I is associated with sudden, severe upper airway obstruction, whereas POPE II follows surgical relief of chronic upper airway obstruction.[2] Among the numerous causes of POPE I Þ gures hanging.[2] H...

Introduction Obstruction of the upper airway is one most important emergency situations in otorhinolaryngology. Mechanical obstruction can be caused by tumours, inflammation or injury pharyngeal and laryngeal region as well aspiration foreign bodies.

Obstructive sleep apnea is the result of repeated episodes of upper airway obstruction during sleep. Recent evidence indicates that alterations in upper airway anatomy and disturbances in neuromuscular control both play a role in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea. We hypothesized that subjects without sleep apnea are more capable of mounting vigorous neuromuscular responses to upper a...