In rats injected with 5 micron mole CdCl2/kg, 5 days/week, metallothionein was detected in plasma by gel filtration chromatography as early as four weeks. The mean renal concentration of cadmium was 80 microgram/g. The excretion of cadmium in urine at this time was rather low and amounted to 0.01% of the total dose. The amount of metallothionein in plasma, as determined by 109Cd-binding to the ...

A significant reduction of kallikrein activity in urine (assayed by its amidolytic activity) was found in 64 normotensive workers who had been exposed to cadmium for 11 years on average and whose cadmium concentrations in urine ranged from 2.2 to 33.1 micrograms/g creatinine. The mean (geometric) urinary kallikrein activity (in U/g creatinine) amounted to 0.52 (range 0.11-1.90) in the control g...

Cadmium and lead are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that might increase risks of cardiovascular disease and other aging-related diseases, but their relationships with leukocyte telomere length (LTL), a marker of cellular aging, are poorly understood. In experimental studies, they have been shown to induce telomere shortening, but no epidemiologic study to date has examined their associat...

When Carcinus was exposed to 20 /i-mol I" cadmium, the haemolymph cadmium level was initially dependent upon the salinity of the external medium. After 14 days the mean haemolymph cadmium level in 50% s.w. animals was nearly twice that of 100% s.w. animals. This trend was not sustained, however, and the situation was complicated by occasional inconsistent values. In both in vivo and in vitro co...

 Cadmium is more efficiently absorbed from the lungs than the gastrointestinal tract  Cadmium is widely distributed in the body bound mainly to red blood cells. It accumulates in the kidney and liver, where it induces the production of metallothionein that binds approximately 80 90 % of cadmium in the body  There is little or no metabolism of cadmium although it binds to various macromolecul...

BACKGROUND This study describes chronic kidney disease of uncertain aetiology (CKDu), which cannot be attributed to diabetes, hypertension or other known aetiologies, that has emerged in the North Central region of Sri Lanka. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted, to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for CKDu. Arsenic, cadmium, lead, selenium, pesticides and other elements ...

The kidney seems more sensitive to the chronic effect of cadmium than the lung. Only minor impairments of lung function (mild form of obstructive lung disease) were found after long-term occupational exposure (less than 20 yr) to moderate concentration of cadmium oxide dust and fume. This conclusion, cannot, however be extrapolated to acute or subacute inhalational exposure. The nephrotoxicity ...

glazers are exposed to a variety of heavy metals in the ceramic industry, causing adverse effect on the body systems. cadmium is one of the major raw materials for production of colored glazes. to evaluate occupational exposure to cadmium, spot urine samples were collected from 49 tile and pottery glazers n yazd city in 2010 at the beginning and end of the work shift (98 samples). totally, 55 o...

OBJECTIVES The nephrotoxicity of cadmium at low levels of exposure, measured by urinary cadmium, has recently been questioned since co-excretion of cadmium and proteins may have causes other than cadmium toxicity. The aim of this study was to explore the relation between kidney function and low or moderate cadmium levels, measured directly in kidney biopsies. METHODS We analysed cadmium in ki...

Unintentional environmental exposure to toxicants is associated with an aggravated health status of the general population. Involuntary smoking (IS) exposure is one of the main routes to involuntary toxicants exposure. However, few studies have attempted to understand the environmental cadmium exposure by IS exposure in the general, non-smoking population. The purpose of the current study was t...