OBJECTIVES To determine whether assessment of all moderate-to-severe symptoms at baseline gives a more accurate evaluation of the treatment effect of ospemifene in vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) than the most bothersome symptom (MBS) approach. METHODS Data were pooled from two pivotal phase-III clinical trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of oral ospemifene 60 mg/day for the treatment of sy...

The physiological decrease in vaginal estrogens is accountable for the emergence of vulvar and vaginal atrophy (VVA) and its related symptoms such as vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, vaginal and/or vulvar irritation or itching, and dysuria. The repercussion of these symptoms on quality of life often makes it necessary to initiate treatment. Up until now, the treatments available included vaginal m...

Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is a commonly used form of contraception, with noncontraceptive benefits for the user. The mode of action is through the suppression of ovulation. It leads to hypoestrogenism which causes dryness of the vagina and dyspareunia. We present in this paper a patient that was very symptomatic with regard to vaginal atrophic changes determined by vaginal cytolo...

background: vaginal atrophy is a common complication in menopause which does not improve with time and, if untreated, can affect the quality of life for women. the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the vaginal cream of hyaluronic acid and conjugated estrogen (premarin) in treatment of vaginal atrophy. methods: this study was a randomized controlled clinical trial on 56 menop...

Menopause, due to the physiological decrease in the estrogens levels, is often associated with many symptoms related to vaginal atrophy such vaginal dryness, dyspareunia, burning, itching, decreasing in libido and therefore a worsening of the quality of life and in particular of the sexual activity. There are many pharmacological remedies to solve these events, first of all hormone replacement ...

Estrogen-containing hormone therapy (HT) is the most widely prescribed and well-established treatment for menopausal symptoms. High quality evidence confirms that estrogen effectively treats hot flushes, night sweats and vaginal dryness. Progestins are combined with estrogen to prevent endometrial hyperplasia and are sometimes used alone for hot flushes, but are less effective than estrogen for...

BACKGROUND Vaginal atrophy is a common complication in menopause which does not improve with time and, if untreated, can affect the quality of life for women. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the vaginal cream of hyaluronic acid and conjugated estrogen (Premarin) in treatment of vaginal atrophy. METHODS This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial on 56 menop...

Aim To evaluate the effects of the vaginal erbium laser (VEL) in the treatment of postmenopausal women suffering from genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM). Method GSM was assessed in postmenopausal women before and after VEL (one treatment every 30 days, for 3 months; n = 45); the results were compared with the effects of a standard treatment for GSM (1 g of vaginal gel containing 50 μg of...

introduction: many postmenopausal women who are on hormone replacement therapy discontinue medications due to vaginal bleeding. tibolone, a synthetic steroid, has minimal stimulatory effect on the endometrium. the aim of this study was to assess the effects of continuous hrt regimen and tibolone on the onset of vaginal bleeding and vaginal maturation value. materials and methods: a total of 150...