materials and methods the development of the trauma registry form began in february 2013. the variables were finalized by a team consisting of general and trauma surgeons, specialists in emergency medicine, orthopedists, neurosurgeons, and public health professionals who have special interest in trauma research. the scale was sent to 10 specialists for validation. results after assessing the sc...

background symptoms of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (gerd) affect health-related quality of life (hrqol). when a questionnaire is translated into a new language, linguistic validation is necessary, yet insufficient, unless the psychometric characteristics have been verified. the aim of this study is to document the translation and psychometric validation of the persian translation of the qu...

The use of L1 in language classroom has been traditionally repressed by applied linguists. However, in recent years, it is believed that switching to L1 can be considered a pedagogical instrument by teachers rather than a heterodox. Consequently, this two-phase study was an attempt to investigate the functions that are fulfilled by EFL teachers through their use of L1. In the first phase (i.e.,...

objectives: the present research aims to prepare an iranian police job satisfaction inventory (ipjsi) by using confirmative factor analysis as well as to evaluate the validity and reliability of it. method: a group consisting of 2933 iranian police employees chosen by stratified random sampling method from a number of police departments throughout the country completed the ipjs inventories. val...

BACKGROUND The increase in prisoner population is a troublesome reality in several regions of the world. Along with this growth there is increasing evidence that prisoners have a higher proportion of mental illnesses and suicide than the general population. In order to implement strategies that address criminal recidivism and the health and social status of prisoners, particularly in mental dis...

runoff and sediment measurement is difficult in mountain watershed because of many different problems such as time and financial limitations. so using simulation model is necessary in this regard. accuracy and precision evaluation of models for different watershed of iran is necessary. the aim of this study was the evaluation of swat model efficiency in simulation of runoff and sediment yield i...

background: the gail model has been widely used for estimation of absolute risk of breast cancer development. the original model and most of the validation studies have been performed among western populations and controversial results have been reported regarding the applicability of this model in asian populations. our aim was to investigate the performance of this model in iranian women. met...