There is growing evidence of a distinct set of freshly-emitted air pollutants downwind from major highways, motorways, and freeways that include elevated levels of ultrafine particulates (UFP), black carbon (BC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), and carbon monoxide (CO). People living or otherwise spending substantial time within about 200 m of highways are exposed to these pollutants more so than per...

W ith the advent of the automobile as a mode of transportation late in the nineteenth century, a new phenomenon, the motor vehicle acci­ dent, appeared on the American scene. While the motor vehicle was in its early stages of development, the problem was not serious. How­ ever, as the volume of cars on the highways increased, the number of accidents increased also; the problem began to assume g...

Many studies provide sobering statistics on the number of mooseand deer-vehicle collisions that occur annually on North American highways, and the resulting property damage, animal deaths, personal injuries, and human fatalities. Recent accidents involving moose in New Brunswick have again brought the issue to the forefront. This study was undertaken to identify those sections of various New Br...

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of refractive errors, strabismus and amblyopia in the schoolboys of Varamin city, Iran Methods: In a cross-sectional population-based study in 2010, we used random cluster sampling to select the participants from Varamin high school students. Examinations were conducted at the school site under standard conditions. All students had non-cycloplegic refraction...

A novel and selective method for the fast determination of trace amounts of Zn(II)ions in water samples has been developed. The first organic-solution-processable functionalized-graphene (SPFGraphene) hybrid material with porphyrins. porphyrin–graphene nanohybrid, 5-4 (aminophenyl)-10, 15, 20-triphenyl porphyrin and its photophysical properties including optical (TPP) and grapheme oxide molecul...

In India, 486,476 crashes are reported and 137,572 fatalities during 2013. Major share of crashes (28.8% of total crashes) are on National Highways. Considering high importance of NHs in overall road network with respect to its connectivity to state capitals and business centres, and cater to high share of traffic (40%), there is an urgent need to investigate factors contributing to crashes on ...