Sambucus nigra (elder) are broadly used species to treat microbial infections. Thepotential antiviral activity and mechanism action of elder fruit (EF) in human epithelium cell(A549) cultures infected with H9N2 influenza virus were determined. The effect of variousconcentrations of EF on influenza virus replication was examined by using virus titration,quantitative real time RT-PCR, fusion and ...

Sambucus nigra (elder) are broadly used species to treat microbial infections. Thepotential antiviral activity and mechanism action of elder fruit (EF) in human epithelium cell(A549) cultures infected with H9N2 influenza virus were determined. The effect of variousconcentrations of EF on influenza virus replication was examined by using virus titration,quantitative real time RT-PCR, fusion and ...

We measured hepatitis C virus antibody titers in 13 patients with chronic hepatitis C to determine whether titration of hepatitis C virus antibody was useful or not, to predict and evaluate the efficacy of interferon (IFN) treatment. During administration of IFN, hepatitis C virus titers declined in all patients. Antibody titers performed before treatment as well as just at the end of treatment...

Two methods are currently used for quantitatively titrating the infectivity of influenza viruses. One of these is the mouse test (1, 2) and the other is the more recent chick embryo titration employing chicken red cell agglutination as a criterion of infection (3). The significance of results obtained by the mouse titration employing five mice per test dilution was recently established by a sta...

OBJECTIVE Monitoring of influenza virus shedding and optimization of multiplicities of infection (MOI) is important in the investigation of a virus one step growth cycle and for obtaining a high yield of virus in vaccine development and conventional basic diagnostic methods. However, eluted infectious viruses may still be present immediately after virus inoculation and when cells are washed fol...

A method for the titration of antigens based on separation by filtration through millipore filters of the complex of antigen with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled antibodies from free labeled anti­ bodies and nonspecific y-globulins is described. The fluorescence of the antigen-antibody complex is measured directly on the millipore filters using the Turner fluorometer equipped with a paper ch...