The biological basis for the selective vulnerability of neurons in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is elusive. Aggrecan-based perineuronal nets (PNs) of the extracellular matrix have been considered to contribute to neuroprotection in the cerebral cortex. In the present study, we investigated the organization of the aggrecan-based extracellular matrix in subcortical regions known to be preferentially ...

Differential vulnerability among motor neuron (MN) subtypes is a fundamental feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): fast-fatigable (FF) MNs are more vulnerable than fast fatigue-resistant (FR) or slow (S) MNs. The reason for this selective vulnerability remains enigmatic. We report here that the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein osteopontin (OPN) is selectively expressed by FR and S M...

ÖZYURT, G. and ERGÍN, A., 2009. Application of Sea Level Rise Vulnerability Assessment Model to Selected Coastal Areas of Turkey. Journal of Coastal Research, SI 56 (Proceedings of the 10th International Coastal Symposium), 248 – 251. Lisbon, Portugal, ISSN 0749-0258 Climate change and anticipated impacts of sea level rise such as increased coastal erosion, inundation, flooding due to storm sur...

example, should they first address a vulnerability with a severity of “5” or one with a severity of “high”? The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) is a public initiative designed to address this issue by presenting a framework for assessing and quantifying the impact of software vulnerabilities. Organizations currently generating CVSS scores include Cisco, US National Institute of Stand...

The terms 'vulnerable' and 'vulnerability' are used more and more frequently in the areas of both social science research into and prevention of HIV/AIDS, but certain difficulties arise when it comes to applying this concept to actual situations at the heart of which individuals or groups are more exposed to HIV. The concept of vulnerability must thus be clarified to reinforce its heuristic cap...

The Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES) is a popular method to deal with nonconvex and/or stochastic optimization problems when the gradient information is not available. Being based on the CMA-ES, the recently proposed Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (MA-ES) provides a rather surprising result that the covariance matrix and all associated operations (e.g., potentially...

background: the safety of rehabilitation centers is of great importance to ensure the well-being of patients. the present study aimed to determine non-structural and functional vulnerability of state rehabilitation centers of tehran city welfare organization in disasters using national standard instruments in 2014. materials and methods: this study has a descriptive and cross-sectional design. ...

The prevalence of atherosclerotic disease continues to increase, and despite significant reductions in major cardiovascular events with current medical interventions, an additional therapeutic window exists. Atherosclerotic plaque growth is a complex integration of cholesterol penetration, inflammatory cell infiltration, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration, and neovascular invasion. A ...

Plaque rupture underlies most myocardial infarctions. Plaques vulnerable to rupture have thin fibrous caps, an excess of macrophages over vascular smooth muscle cells, large lipid cores, and depletion of collagen and other matrix proteins form the cap and lipid core. Production of matrix metalloproteinases from macrophages is prominent in human plaques, and studies in genetically modified mice ...