Brain activity during wakefulness is associated with high metabolic rates that are believed to support information processing and memory encoding. In spite of loss of consciousness, sleep still carries a substantial energy cost. Experimental evidence supports a cerebral metabolic shift taking place during sleep that suppresses aerobic glycolysis, a hallmark of environment-oriented waking behavi...

It is beyond doubt that the timing of sleep is under control of the circadian pacemaker. Humans are a diurnal species; they sleep mostly at night, and they do so at approximately 24-h intervals. If they do not adhere to this general pattern, for instance when working night shifts or when travelling across time zones, they experience the stubborn influence of their circadian clock. In recent yea...

The light/dark cycle is the main zeitgeber acting on the mammalian circadian system; nevertheless, distinct environments, such as those with and without electricity may provoke important resetting effects on the clock. The aim of this study was to describe sleep/wake patterns of adolescents living in two Brazilian rural regions. In the first population, 120 adolescents participated in the study...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of night sleep on motor cortical excitability with TMS (transcranial magnetic stimulation) and finger tapping performance. METHOD Eight volunteers were enrolled to investigate the effects of day wake or night sleep on motor learning and finger performance. Each subject underwent a finger tapping task over a 12 hour period, which was employed to evaluate th...

Island thermal effects on the trail cloud band over the central North Pacific are investigated for the lee of Hawaii using satellite observations and a regional atmospheric model. The trail cloud band develops around noon and peaks in cloudiness in the early afternoon. The analysis of numerical simulations of the Kauai wake suggests that a dynamically induced convergence zone forms in the lee o...

Infant mammals cycle rapidly between sleep and wakefulness and only gradually does a more consolidated sleep pattern develop. The neural substrates responsible for this consolidation are unknown. To establish a reliable measure of sleep-wake cyclicity in infant rats, nuchal muscle tone was measured in 2-, 5-, and 8-day-old rats, as were motor behaviors associated with sleep (i.e. myoclonic twit...

Citation: Linares IMP, Guimaraes FS, Eckeli A, Crippa ACS, Zuardi AW, Souza JDS, Hallak JE and Crippa JAS (2018) No Acute Effects of Cannabidiol on the Sleep-Wake Cycle of Healthy Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study. Front. Pharmacol. 9:315. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00315 No Acute Effects of Cannabidiol on the Sleep-Wake Cycle of Healthy Subjects: A Randomiz...

The relationship between seasonal affective disorder (SAD) and subjective quality of sleep/wake cycle in adolescents was explored. The Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (SPAQ-CA) and Mini Sleep Questionnaire (MSQ) were administered to 345 adolescents living in the city of Cesena (Emilia-Romagna region, Italy) (299 females; age range: 14-18 years), to determi...

Energy conversation is one of the primary objectives of duty cycle MAC protocols. Different synchronous and asynchronous duty cycle MAC protocols have been proposed in recent years. These protocols perform well under low traffic loads, but efficiency of these protocols degrade under high traffic loads. We present an asynchronous hybrid duty cycle MAC protocol called Hybrid MAC (H-MAC), which us...

A novel wake-up receiver for wireless sensor networks is introduced. It operates with a modified medium access protocol (MAC), allowing low-energy consumption and practical latency. The ultra-low-power wake-up receiver operates with enhanced duty-cycled listening. The analysis of energy models of the duty-cycle-based communication is presented. All the WuRx blocks are studied to obey the duty-c...