STUDY OBJECTIVES To evaluate the ability of actigraphy compared to polysomnography (PSG) to detect wakefulness in subjects submitted to 3 sleep conditions with different amounts of wakefulness: a nocturnal sleep episode and 2 daytime recovery sleep episodes, one with placebo and one with caffeine. A second objective was to compare the ability of 4 different scoring algorithms (2 threshold algor...

RATIONALE The ability of patients with central hypoventilation syndrome (CHS) to produce and process mechanoreceptor signals is unknown. OBJECTIVES Children with CHS hypoventilate during sleep, although they generally breathe adequately during wakefulness. Previous studies suggest that they have compromised central integration of afferent stimuli, rather than abnormal sensors or receptors. Co...

Hemodynamic responses in mice and other species are typically measured under anesthesia. However, anesthesia could influence their relationship to neural activity. To investigate this relationship, we used optical imaging in mouse primary visual cortex (V1). Hemodynamic responses yielded clear maps of retinotopy in both anesthetized and awake mice. However, during wakefulness, responses were fo...

Sleep is a necessary, diverse, periodic, and an active condition circadian and homeostatically regulated and precisely meshed with waking time into the sleep-wakefulness cycle (SWC). Photic retinal stimulation modulates the suprachiasmatic nucleus, which acts as the pacemaker for SWC rhythmicity. Both the light period and social cues adjust the internal clock, making the SWC a circadian, 24-h p...

The purpose of this study is to detect the characteristic features oscillatory electrical activity brain in early postnatal development, depending on gestational age newborns. Methods. based automatic processing clinical data from electroencephalography newborns third day after birth. Behavioral characteristics assessed periods sleep and wakefulness, without a precise division into stages vario...

OBJECTIVE Typical changes in spectral electroencephalographic (EEG) activity and heart rate (HR) have been described in periodic leg movements (PLM) associated with or without microarousals (MA). We aimed to determine the effects of sleep stage and wakefulness on these responses to ascertain whether a common pattern of EEG and HR activation takes place. METHODS The time course of EEG spectral...

traffic fatalities are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in iran. occupational sleep medicine field needs more cost-effective and applicable tests for screening purposes. this study reports on a pilot screening study for drowsy drivers in an urban iranian sample of commercial drivers. the maintenance of wakefulness test (mwt) measures the ability to remain awake objectively. sleep latenc...

Abstract Introduction Sleep architectural disruption is associated with atrial fibrillation (AF), however, autonomic influences remain unclear and it unknown if this detriment persists during wakefulness. We hypothesize diurnal-patterned associations of sleep dysfunction in patients paroxysmal AF Methods analyzed data from the Apnea Atrial Fibrillation Biomarkers Electrophysiologic Triggers (SA...

Abstract The mechanism responsible for the ubiquitous NREM/REM sleep cycles of approximately 90-min period length in humans remains largely unknown. It was originally said to be a product 90-minute Basic-Rest-Activity-Cycle (BRAC) assumed pervade throughout and wakefulness. However, evidence existence BRAC during wakefulness is weak questionable. important consider other possible contributors t...

Some aspects of the functional significance of sleep are considered. These involve studies on (i) the dynamics of electrical activity in the neo- and archi-paleocortical structures of the brain in the sleep-wakefulness cycle, (ii) the effect of selective deprivation of different sleep phases on the sleep-wakefulness cycle, (iii) effect of stimulating synchronizing and desynchronizing systems on...