Scientific domain: %scientific_domain Subject short description: Water shortage and decline of the quality of fresh water resources make sea water desalination become a major way for drinking water production. Reverse Osmosis (RO) is now the main technology used for seawater desalination, but it shows a limited recovery and the environmental impact of large volumes of rejected brines is still a...

Seawater desalination, the desalination of waters flowing back from hydraulic fracturing processes and brackish water desalination constitute important desalination applications. These have a combined market size in excess of $25 billion per annum and a combined water production rate equivalent to the domestic consumption of over 300 million people. Each application offers its own distinct chal...

abstract aims: one of the consequences of taking ground water into surface is changing its chemical quality, specially increasing the concentration of dissolved salts. this research was performed in order to analyze growth possibility of heterotrophic bacteria in the membrane of active desalination plants in kashan city, iran. instrument & methods: this descriptive cross-sectional study was don...

Earlier this year, Sydney officially opened its new water desalination plant, the largest so far in Australia and driven by renewable wind power. It is the third to open in the country but will soon be overtaken by further new desalination plants. Australia's response to the growing demand for water and the increasing scarcity and unpredictability of conventional supplies is being echoed around...

Fresh water is required to sustain life. However, the world is facing a global challenge to reliably supply its population with safe water due to shortages stemming from population growth, climate change, contamination of available fresh water supplies, and public policy. Presently, the United Nations estimates that one third of the world’s population ( 2.4 billion people) is living in water-st...

Despite steady advances in the technology, desalination remains one of the most expensive ways to produce potable water. But as water scarcity forces communities to find new sources of drinking water, scientists are developing innovations that may soon make desalination a reasonable option for many more communities. The newest approach to desalination is membrane systems, which include reverse ...

Brackish water (BW) desalination is a primary path to relieve the shortage of water. As one of the BW desalination methods, reverse osmosis (RO) technology has advantage for both technology and process procedure. The expounding of this research studied or reviewed recent years, reverse osmosis membrane, energy recovery, new energy and application technology in BW desalination of RO at home and ...

• China will have enough nuclear power by 2030 to eradicate water scarcity. • Nuclear desalination would be affordable even for the poorest Chinese households. • It emits hundreds of times less CO2 than the STNWTP and coal desalination. • Nuclear desalination should be used to supply water to the coastal demand centers. • Water supply from STNWTP should be limited to remote provinces. a b s t r...

At low pressure and temperature, water is easily vaporized under partial vacuum pressure. Desalination of seawater as source of potable water is globally considered as an applied reliable technology. At low temperature and pressure, the heat transfer process yield is higher than any normal process. Therefore, the rate of vaporization of seawater is much higher than any usual processes. The part...

We have designed a porous nanofluidic desalination device, a rotating carbon nanotube membrane filter (RCNT-MF), for the reverse osmosis desalination that can turn salt water into fresh water. The concept as well as design strategy of RCNT-MF is modeled, and demonstrated by using molecular dynamics simulation. It has been shown that the RCNT-MF device may significantly improve desalination effi...