A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was utilized to measure the water content in ethanol. For the improvement of measurement sensitivity, the QCM was modified by applying zeolite particles on the surface with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) binder. The measurement performance was examined with ethanol of 1% to 5% water content in circulation. The experimental results showed that the frequency ...

owing to the oncoming needs and increasing the population of lake urmia watershed, providing equilibrium  between water supply and demand seems quite challenging and the lake cannot be successful in meeting its ecological demands in this critical condition. in this unfavorable situation, water resources must be managed through a sustainable context. with this knowledge in hand, a multi attribut...

Organizational structure determines the scope of decisions, tasks, responsibilities, goals, perspectives and rewards for achieving results. In recent decades, due to environmental changes and dramatic technological advances, organizational structure has changed from Mechanistic to organic. The purpose of the restructuring is to facilitate the achievement of the organization's goals. Changing st...

Our long-term goal is to understand how flows in near-coastal zone (20m to 100m) respond to a variety of forcing mechanisms including tidal pressure gradients, surface waves, surface heating and cooling, surface wave-bottom current interaction, and tidally generated bottom boundary currents. Because the nature of this response varies throughout the water column and depends strongly on the non-l...

A fiber-optic sensor based on surface-plasmon resonance for the determination of the refractive index is used for measuring the degree of salinity of water. The transducing element consists of a multilayer structure deposited on a side-polished monomode optical fiber. Measuring the attenuation of the power transmitted by the fiber shows that a linear relation with the refractive index of the ou...

Pavements consisting of water-permeable paving stone have a certain retention and storage capability for rainwater in the event of intense rain. Applied on a large surface, this results in a mitigation of flood events. Compared to an impermeable surface area, the surface flow rate decreases while groundwater regeneration increases. To date, the actual change in the third water balance parameter...

Several ultrafiltration membranes of the anisotropic and isotropic type were characterized by means of the thermoporometry. Successive cooling and heating runs were performed in order to investigate the effects of the water-ice and ice-water phase transitions on the structure of the membranes. The results found for membranes having different casting thicknesses indicate that, in some cases, por...

Oil-water two-phase flow is widespread in petroleum industry processes. The study of oil-water two-phase flow in horizontal pipes and the liquid holdup measurement of oil-water two-phase flow are of great importance for the optimization of the oil production process. This paper presents a novel sensor, i.e., a mini-conductance probe (MCP) for measuring pure-water phase conductivity of oil-water...

We report a miniaturized fiber inline Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI), with an open micro-notch cavity fabricated by one-step fs laser micromachining, for highly sensitive refractive index measurement. The device was tested for measurement of the refractive indices of various liquids including isopropanol, acetone and methanol at room temperature, as well as the temperature-dependent refractiv...