In sub-Saharan Africa only 35% of the urban population has access to a piped water connection on their premises. The majority of households obtain water from public standpipes or from neighbors who are connected to the municipal network. Water resale is often prohibited, however, because of concerns about affordability and risks to public health. Using data collected from 1,377 households in Ma...

Ground-water flow modeling is an important tool frequently used in studies of ground-water systems. Reviewers and users of these studies have a need to evaluate the accuracy or reasonableness of the ground-water flow model. This report provides some guidelines and discussion on how to evaluate complex ground-water flow models used in the investigation of ground-water systems. A consistent threa...

Downwelling thermal infrared emission from the tropical atmosphere is affected strongly by the typically large amounts of water vapor. In two experiments within the last 2 years we have used a Fourier transform spectroradiometer to measure tropical atmospheric emission, concentrating on the “window” region between about 800 and 1200 cm. Shortly after the first of these experiments, substantial ...

This article represents the second report by an ASCE Task Committee "Infrastructure Impacts of Landscape-driven Weather Change" under the ASCE Watershed Management Technical Committee and the ASCE Hydroclimate Technical Committee. Herein, the 'infrastructure impacts" are referred to as infrastructure-sensitive changes in weather and climate patterns (extremes and non-extremes) that are modulate...

Water supply system is socially, politically, and financially critical, and long term security of water supply has to be met in spite of the huge uncertainty in its operation decades since the time of design. Everyone concerned with architecting such a system faces a common challenge: how do we design a system to perform well in a constantly evolving and thus risky context? As one of the water-...

Chemical changes are reported occurring in the blood of animals with obstruction of the jejunum, in which distilled water or sodium chloride solutions were introduced directly into the lumen of the intestine below the point of obstruction. Distilled water given daily from the beginning of the obstruction, had no influence on the development or course of the toxemia. 1 and 2 per cent salt soluti...

in this study, selenium was recovered from an industrial dust. after the purification process, the researchers were able to prepare selenium micro powder. the objective of this study was to prepare selenium nano particles by water solution phase method from the micro powders. the results showed that selenium micronized powder and nano particles had high purity. the obtained nanoparticles were t...

Two types of stable, highly localized Faraday resonant standing waves with multiple crests and troughs are observed in an ethanol-water solution partly filled in a Hele-Shaw cell vertically oscillated with a single frequency. Systematical experiments are performed to investigate the properties of these oscillons. It is found that the wave height of these oscillons is independent of fluid depth ...