1 van Embden JDA, Cave MD, Crawford JT, et al. Strain identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by DNA fingerprinting: recommendations for a standard methodology. J Clin Microbiol 1993;31:406–9. 2 Ruddy MC, Davies AP, Yates MD, et al. Outbreak of isoniazid resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in north London. Thorax 2004;59:279–85. 3 Drobniewski FA, Watterson SA, Wilson SM, et al. A clinical...

In previous studies we have shown that the activation of bovine heart cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase by purified protein activator is completely dependent on the presence of Ca2+ and that the protein activator Ca2+ complex is probably the true activator for the enzyme (Teo, T.S. and Wang, J.H. (1973) J. Biol. Chem. 248, 5930-5955). More recent studies have led us to believe that the mechan...

Estimating gene mutation rates using DNA data from a population since its coalescence is an important part in the study of evolutionary genetic history, and is of its own interest also. There are a number of existing methods for this goal and are successful in application, but formal asymptotic study is absent except for the Watterson estimator, such as consistency of the estimator and its rate...

In this report, we investigate the statistical power of several tests of selective neutrality based on patterns of genetic diversity within and between species. The goal is to compare tests based solely on population genetic data with tests using comparative data or a combination of comparative and population genetic data. We show that in the presence of repeated selective sweeps on relatively ...

Traditional optimizing compilers are limited in the scope of their optimizations by the fact that only a single function, or possibly a single module, is available for analysis and optimization. In particular, this means that library routines cannot be optimized to specific calling contexts. Other optimization opportunities, exploiting information not available before linktime such as addresses...

We present the results of AG antigen typings of three Caucasoid population samples: Lebanese, Tunisians, and Finns. AG haplotype frequencies estimated by maximum-likelihood methods are compared with the frequencies observed in 13 world populations previously tested for AG specificities by computing a genetic distance matrix used in a multivariate analysis. A high degree of polymorphism characte...

Many statistical tests have been developed for detecting positive selection. Most of these tests draw conclusions based on significant deviations from the patterns of polymorphism predicted by the neutral model. However, many non-equilibrium forces may cause similar deviations, and thus the tests usually have low statistical specificity to positive selection. The main challenge is hence to cons...

Crop species experienced strong selective pressure directed at genes controlling traits of agronomic importance during their domestication and subsequent episodes of selective breeding. Consequently, these genes are expected to exhibit the signature of selection. We screened 501 maize genes for the signature of selection using microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs). We applied the Ew...

Hormonal control of differentiation at a biochemical level is exemplified by studies on amphibian and insect metamorphosis. However, Hinni & Watterson (1963) have reviewed the literature and presented new data on another developmental system with potential for analysis of hormone action. Chicken embryos at 33-36 h of incubation can be * hypophysectomized' by partial decapitation, the prosenceph...