Dense multicast traffic is a natural result of increased demand for network services like audio and video distributions in todays high density networks. With such consistent demands, it seems inevitable that the volume of such traffic will continue to grow for some time to come. Today, if ATM switches are to be more popular in internet circles, either as standalone switches or as cores of high ...

The potential of the least polluted fraction (from 8 to 30 mm) municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) weathered bottom ash (WBA) as an alkali-activated cement precursor was evaluated. Alkali-activated WBA binders (AA-WBA) formulations were prepared through alkali-activation sole precursor. Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) mixtures with different pH's used alkali-activato...

Alkali-activated binders (AABs) stand out as promising candidates to replace ordinary Portland cement (OPC) since waste can be used raw material for their manufacture. This study addresses the environmental feasibility of using weathered bottom ash (WBA) and metakaolin (MK) alkali-activated binder precursors (AA-WBA/MK). Different proportions WBA MK were mixed (100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the cost of resources required to deliver a program to assess international medical graduates (IMGs) in Newcastle, Australia, known as the Workplace Based Assessment (WBA) Program. DESIGN AND SETTING A costing study to identify and evaluate the resources required and the overheads of delivering the program for a cohort of 15 IMGs, based on costs in 2012. MAIN OUTCOME M...

Biological effects due to whole-body radio-frequency exposure may be induced by core temperature elevation. According to the international safety guidelines/standards for human protection, the whole-body averaged specific absorption rate (WBA-SAR) is used as a metric. In order to understand the relationship between WBA-SAR and core temperature elevation, a theoretical solution or a closed formu...

Trips to recreational sites generate two distinct kinds of economic impacts for the coastal and marine economy; market impacts and non-market impacts. Market impacts refer to the flow of money through an economy and the associated jobs, wages, and taxes associated with these flows. In contrast, non-market impacts refer to the consumer surplus that a resource provides. This paper examines both t...

In recent years, postgraduate assessment programmes around the world have embraced workplace-based assessment (WBA) and its related tools. Despite their widespread use, results of studies on the validity and reliability of these tools have been variable. Although in many countries decisions about residents' continuation of training and certification as a specialist are based on the composite re...

BACKGROUND With recent emphasis placed on workplace based assessment (WBA) as a method of formative performance assessment, there is limited evidence in the current literature regarding the role of feedback in improving the effectiveness of WBA. The aim of this systematic review was to elucidate the impact of feedback on the effectiveness of WBA in postgraduate medical training. METHODS Searc...

Ongoing transmission of leprosy is evident from the stable disease incidence in high burden areas. Tools for early detection of Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) infection, particularly in sub-clinically infected individuals, are urgently required to reduce transmission. Following the sequencing of the M. leprae genome, many M. leprae-unique candidate proteins have been identified, several of wh...