Focusing attention is a way for animals to search for and to obtain food efficiently. This study examines whether a sit-and-wait forager, the orb-web spider Cyclosa octotuberculata, focuses its attention on limited foraging areas. Video records of foraging activity revealed that the spiders detected prey trapped in the west and east sectors of their web less frequently than prey trapped in the ...

Web transport systems for transporting films, textile material, paper, etc., are usually large-scale systems. The velocity and the tension of the web are controlled by dividing the systems into several subsystems in which strong coupling exists between the velocity and tension control. A self-tuning PI (STPI) controller with an estimator based on a novel adaptive particle swarm optimization met...

In web transport systems, the main concern is to control independently speed and tension in spite of perturbations such as radius variations and changes of setting point. This paper presents the application of nonsmooth nonconvex optimization techniques to design centralized fixed order and decentralized fixed order and fixed structure H∞ controllers with model based feedforward for web winding...

A novel method for measuring the bending stiffness of paper online during manufacturing is intro-duced. The uses photometric stereo imaging to detect shape deflection surface caused by a controllable pressure difference over paper’s surfaces. hardware measurement based on combination two existing sensors, which has accelerated and facilitated development implementation. loads are tied together ...

Abstract— Web-winding systems such as tape drives are often modeled as linear and time-invariant (LTI), but at least two nonlinearities are common in these systems. First, the reel radii and moments of inertia change as web media spools from one reel to another. Second, friction can draw a thin layer of air between the layers of web media wrapped on the takeup reel, making the system’s spring a...

Truss structures composed of members that work exclusively in tension or compression appear several problems science and engineering, e.g., the study resisting mechanisms masonry structures, as well design spider web-inspired web structures. This generalizes previous results on existence cable webs are able to support assigned sets nodal forces under tension. We extend such a problem limit anal...

The growth of the Internet and the World Wide Web has led to demand for Web extensions, such as the ability to run server-supplied code on a Web client. We examine the HotJava Web browser and the Java language in which it is implemented. We demonstrate several attacks that compromise HotJava's security. Some of these attacks are made possible through browser code that fails to enforce access pe...