background: cryptosporidium parvum is a parasitic protozoan that functions as important causa­tive agent of diarrhea in human and animals. the host's immune response to surface anti­gens of c. parvum has been previously demonstrated. in this respect, the role of humoral immu­nity in the development of host protective immunity against this protozoon has been well demon­strated. methods: the effe...

objective(s):antibodies against actin, as one of the most widely studied structural and multifunctional housekeeping proteins in eukaryotic cells, are used as internal loading controls in western blot analyses. the aim of this study was to produce polyclonal antibody against a synthetic peptide derived from n-terminal region of β-actin protein to be used as a protein loading control in western ...

Background and Aims: HIV is spreading rapidly among people word wide. Infection with this virus leads to immune suppression and finally acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).Early HIV detection is depended on antibody screening against virus by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).Some confirmatory tests such as Western Blot and Recombinant Immunobloting Assay (RIBA), are used to ve...

This report describes the detailed procedures for Western blot analysis using fluorescent antibodies. After electrophoresis and subsequent electroblotting, the fluorescent-labeled antibodies were visible upon ultraviolet illumination of the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes and could then be photographed to give an accurate record of the blots. Fluorescent labeling allows for photographi...