As the social economy is further developed, there have been increasingly severe ecological and environmental issues. For instance, rivers located in mountainous areas are often encountered with issue of zero flow. The base flow was put forward to ensure continuous rivers, realize minimum function, meet most fundamental requirements sustaining river ecosystem. Wulong River Basin Yantai City Chin...

Spreading of evaporative liquid drops in a thin porous layer has been studied. The entire spreading process can be divided into three distinct phases according to the change of the wetted porous region size. The first phase is characterized by the expansion of the wetted porous region and shrinking of the liquid drop. Contact line pinning is observed in the wetted porous region in the second ph...

In the currently existing physical models of wetting a solid substrate by liquid drop, contact angle is determined on basis equilibrium forces acting tangentially to wetted surface at any point in perimeter area, ignoring (or their components) perpendicular this area. solution shown paper, state droplet was based minimum mechanical energy that achieves equilibrium. This approach allows one take...

Given k ∈ N, the k’th discrete Heisenberg group, denoted H Z , is the group generated by the elements a1, b1, . . . , ak, bk, c, subject to the commutator relations [a1, b1] = . . . = [ak, bk] = c, while all the other pairs of elements from this generating set are required to commute, i.e., for every distinct i, j ∈ {1, . . . , k} we have [ai, aj ] = [bi, bj ] = [ai, bj ] = [ai, c] = [bi, c] = ...

With little precipitation (<10 cm water equivalent annually as snow), soils of the McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV) have limited water available to support hydrological or biogeochemical processes. Active layer depths across most of this landscape are <1 m. Saturated sediments are obvious in wetted margins on the shorelines of lakes, extending for up to ~10 m into a zone where typically arid MDV soils...

this study proposed a new discharge estimation method using a mean velocity formula derived from chiu’s 2d velocity formula of probabilistic entropy concept and the river bed shear stress of channel. in particular, we could calculate the mean velocity, which is hardly measurable in flooding natural rivers, in consideration of several factors reflecting basic hydraulic characteristics such as r...