Rice is one of the key food grains linked to the food security of the growing population of the world. India has largest rice area in the world and stands second in production. The rice crop is important both from the food security and climate change point of view. The present paper highlights rice-growing pattern in India derived using satellite remote sensing and Geographic Information System...

This study investigates the effectiveness of metadata on websites. Specifically, the study investigated whether the extent of metadata use by a site influences the Web Impact Factor (WIF) of the site. The WIF is a Webometric measure of the recognition that a site has on the web. WIFs were calculated for two classes of sites: electronic journals and NZ University Web Sites. The most positive cor...

We describe an event-related potential (ERP) effect termed the "pre-activation negativity" (PrAN), which is proposed to index the degree of pre-activation of upcoming word-internal morphemes in speech processing. Using lexical competition measures based on word-initial speech fragments (WIFs), as well as statistical analyses of ERP data from three experiments, it is shown that the PrAN is sensi...

Although we and others have generated IRS-2 knock-out (IRS-2(-/-)) mice, significant differences were seen between the two lines of IRS-2(-/-) mice in the severity of diabetes and alterations of beta-cell mass. It has been reported that although IRS-1 and IRS-3 knock-out mice showed normal blood glucose levels, IRS-1/IRS-3 double knock-out mice exhibited marked hyperglycemia. Thus, IRS-1 and IR...

To investigate the role of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) and IRS-2, the two ubiquitously expressed IRS proteins, in adipocyte differentiation, we established embryonic fibroblast cells with four different genotypes, i.e., wild-type, IRS-1 deficient (IRS-1(-/-)), IRS-2 deficient (IRS-2(-/-)), and IRS-1 IRS-2 double deficient (IRS-1(-/-) IRS-2(-/-)), from mouse embryos of the corresponding...

Insulin promotes adipocyte differentiation via a complex signaling network involving multiple insulin receptor substrates (IRSs). In cultured brown preadipocytes, expression of IRS-1 and IRS-2 mRNAs and proteins was at relatively high levels before and after differentiation into mature fat cells, while IRS-3 transcript was not detectable in preadipocytes but increased during the course of diffe...

BACKGROUND Insulin resistance is associated with atherosclerosis, but its mechanism is unknown. It has been reported that insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 deficient (IRS-1-/-) mice showed insulin resistance without type 2 diabetes, whereas the IRS-2 deficient (IRS-2-/-) mice showed insulin resistance with type 2 diabetes. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated neointima formation in the IRS-1-...

BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests that miR-126 participates in the glucose homeostasis through its target molecules. Although bioinformatics analysis predicts that miR-126 can bind with the insulin receptor substrate-2(IRS-2) mRNA at the "seed sequence", but there are still no definitely reports to support it. In this study, we provided evidences that IRS-2 was one of the target genes of ...

Since 1996, hyperlinks have been studied extensively by applying existing bibliometric methods. The Web impact factor (WIF), for example, is the online counterpart of the journal impact factor. This paper reviews how this linkbased metric has been developed, enhanced and applied. Not only has the metric itself undergone improvement but also the relevant data collection techniques have been enha...