introduction: klippel–trenaunay syndrome (kts) is a rare congenital mesodermal abnormality characterized by varicose veins, cutaneous capillary malformation, as well as bone and soft tissue hypertrophy. case report: a 2-week-old female infant presented to our clinic because of vascular nevus and progressive enlargement of her right extremities and trunk since birth. the patient was treated with...

PURPOSE Although pulsed dye laser (PDL) treatment of port-wine stain (PWS) has long been proven safe and effective, incomplete clearance of these vascular malformations can be problematic. In addition, advanced PWS with deeper coloration and tissue hypertrophy can be particularly difficult to treat because of the superficial dermal penetration of 585- to 595-nm light. The purpose of this study ...

BACKGROUND Optical Doppler tomography (ODT) combines laser Doppler flowmetry with optical coherence tomography to obtain high-resolution images of blood flow in human skin in situ and in real time. OBSERVATIONS We present a case in which ODT was used on a patient with a port-wine stain (PWS) birthmark to document the change of blood flow in response to laser therapy. It might be possible to u...

Pulsed dye laser (PDL) is an effective treatment for port- wine stain and can cause some short- term and long- term side- effects. Pyogenic granoluma is one of its late- onset adverse effects. Herein, we present two cases of pyogenic granoluma following treatment of port- wine stain with PDL.

BACKGROUND Pulsed dye laser (PDL) is the gold standard for treatment of port-wine stain (PWS) birthmarks but multiple treatments are required and complete resolution is often not achieved. Posttreatment vessel recurrence is thought to be a factor that limits efficacy of PDL treatment of PWS. Imiquimod 5% cream is an immunomodulator with antiangiogenic effects. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine...

Acquired port-wine stain is a rare vascular lesion that mimics a congenital port-wine stain clinically and histologically, but is acquired after birth. A survey on more than 60 reported cases in the literature reveals that most of these cases are idiopathic, but some of the cases developed after physical or mechanical trauma, hormonal changes, chronic sun exposure, and medications (OCP, i...

Background Hematoporphyrin monomethyl Ether-mediated photodynamic therapy (HMME-PDT) is an effective and safe treatment option for patients with port-wine stain (PWS) might be alternative approach treating PWS. The data of long-term follow-up HMME-mediated PDT are limited. Objective We aimed to evaluate the current skin lesions who underwent HMME-PDT 10 years ago, compare pre post response that...

Recent Monte Carlo computations in realistic port wine stain (PWS) models containing numerous uniformly distributed vessels suggest equal depth of vascular injury at wavelengths of 577 and 585 nm. This finding contradicts clinical experience and previous theory. From a skin model containing normal and PWS vessels in separate dermal layers, we estimate analytically the average volumetric heat pr...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Port-wine stain (PWS) birthmarks affect ∼22 million people worldwide. After several treatment sessions, complete disappearance of the PWS occurs in only ∼10% of treated patients. There is a need to develop a new strategy to improve the efficacy of each treatment session and the overall treatment outcome. The study objective was to determine how intraoperative measuremen...

A survey of the literature is presented regarding the simulation of port wine stain (PWS) skin color. Knowledge of PWS features, such as the depths and diameters of affected vessels, is essential for informing laser treatment. These may be determined through the inverse application of a skin model. The techniques which have been applied to achieve this are analyzed in detail. Radiative transfer...