This article examines the treatment of prostitution in several genres of Ottoman legal writing—manuals and commentaries of Islamic jurisprudence, fatwās (legal opinions) and ḳānūnnāmes (Sultanic legislation)—and looks at how prostitution was dealt with in practice by the empire’s sharīʿa courts and by its provincial executive authorities. The article uses prostitution as a case study to investi...

Part 2’s focus on empirical research—research into how genres are learned, how they function in particular contexts, and how they carry out communicative goals and reflect/reinforce ideologies—illustrates how research can inform our practices as writing teachers. Research into genre learning and acquisition has provided teachers with useful methods for situating learning and for fostering meta-...

This book is organized according to the major periods of Japanese history – ancient (up to 794), Heian (794–1185), medieval (1185–1600), early modern or Edo (1600–1867), and modern (1868–present). Each part begins with a brief historical overview, followed by short essays on major genres, texts, and authors. A number of the traditional genres – such as waka (classical Japanese poetry), kanshi (...

Our work with quiz bowl coreference data indicates that performances of models trained for coreference resolution varies when the data they are trained on differ sufficiently in genre to the data in which coreference is to be detected. So we try to build models on the various genres present in OntoNotes. We used OntoNotes 5.0, as opposed to 4.0 which we had used while writing our paper. Not onl...

automated feedback that helps them revise their work and ultimately improve their writing skills. These applications also address educational researchers’ interest in individualized instruction. Specifically, feedback that refers explicitly to students’own writing is more effective than general feedback.3 Our discourse analysis software, which is embedded in Criterion (www.etstechnologies.com),...

To date, researchers have proposed different ways to compute the readability and coherence of a text using a variety of lexical, syntax, entity and discourse properties. But these metrics have not been defined with special relevance to any particular genre but rather proposed as general indicators of writing quality. In this thesis, we propose and evaluate novel text quality metrics that utiliz...

Typically developing writers in fifth (n = 110, M = 10 years 8 months) or seventh (n = 97, M = 12 years 7 months) grade wrote informative, compare and contrast, and persuasive essays for which the content was held constant-two mountains with a history of volcanic eruption. Relevant background knowledge was provided by reading text and showing colorful illustrations to the students before writin...