Background and purpose Recent studies of injection drug users (IDUs) in Puerto Rico indicate widespread use of xylazine, also known as horse anesthesia (a veterinary analgesic sedative) mixed with heroin and cocaine. Research shows that xylazine contributes to more severe symptoms of withdrawal. This study explored the association between the use of heroin+xylazine and poor health outcomes, inc...

This study was carried out to assess the influence of xylazine administration on clinical, cardiopulmonary and haemocytological variables after acute exposure to different environmental conditions. Xylazine hydrochloride was administered intravenously at 0.1 mg/kg body mass to 6 clinically healthy, castrated male goats. All animals were exposed for 60 min to 3 sets of climatic conditions: 14 de...

OBJECTIVES To explore the effect of ketamine-xylazine anesthesia on light-induced retinal degeneration in rats. METHODS Rats were anesthetized with ketamine and xylazine (100 and 5 mg, respectively) for 1 h, followed by a recovery phase of 2 h before exposure to 16,000 lux of environmental illumination for 2 h. Functional assessment by electroretinography (ERG) and morphological assessment by...

METHODS CT26 colon carcinoma-bearing mice were anesthetized with isoflurane (IF) or ketamine/xylazine (KX) while breathing air or oxygen (O2). We performed 10 min static PET scans 1 h, 2 h and 3 h after [18F]FAZA injection and calculated the [18F]FAZA-uptake and tumor-to-muscle ratios (T/M). In another experimental group, we placed a pO2 probe in the tumor as well as in the gastrocnemius muscle...

We observed an induction of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) mRNA in the rat retina after systemic administration of the alpha 2-adrenergic agonists xylazine and clonidine. A single injection of xylazine or clonidine transiently increased bFGF mRNA. Preinjection of yohimbine, an alpha 2-adrenergic antagonist, completely inhibited this increase. Higher dosage of yohimbine inhibited the base...

The present trail has been designed to investigate the effect of the Xylazine/Novocain mixture in producing effective safety analgesia by caudal epidural injection in goats. Caudal epidural injection of Xylazine HCL 2 % (0.01mg/kg BW), Novocain 2% (3.5mg/kg BW) and mixture of Xylazine / Novocain (0.01 mg/kg BW, 3.5mg/kg BW), respectively have been injected at 2% concentration for each solution....

The effects of epidurally amitraz (0.4mg/kg), xylazine (0.05mg/kg) or 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (5.0ml) over heart rate (HR), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), respiratory rate (RR), ruminal motility (RM), rectal temperature (RT), head height (HH), and latency to heat-evoked reflexes (LSPR – skin of perineal region; LHWR – hoof withdrawal reflex) were evaluated in cows. HR and RM decreased in amit...

Twenty grey duiker {Sylvicapra grimmia) were blow-darted with a combination of ketamine and xylazine, resulting in a level of sedation adequate for capture and minor procedures in 13 of them (mean dosages: ketamine, 13.4 mg/kg; xylazine, 16.8 mg/kg). Sedation was judged to be inadequate in seven duikers (mean dosages: ketamine, 9.14 mg/kg; xylazine, 11.4 mg/kg). Sedation was reversed with atipa...

The anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of xylazine-alfaxalone combination were evaluated in calves. Six calves (age: 6-9 months old; weight: 114-310 kg) were anesthetized with intravenous alfaxalone 15 min after administration of intramuscular saline (0.5 ml/100 kg) or xylazine (0.1 mg/kg; 0.5 ml/100 kg of a 2% xylazine solution). Anesthesia induction was smooth and orotracheal intubation...

Objective: Using a non-inflammatory model of hyperalgesia, this study investigated the participation of α1 and β adrenoceptors and opioid receptor subtypes in xylazine-induced peripheral antinociception in this event. Materials & Methods: Nociceptive threshold was measured using the rat pressure test in animals that were injected with prostaglandin E2, xylazine, prazosin, propranolol, clocinnam...