‎in this paper we give a characterization for all commutative‎ ‎rings with $1$ whose zero-divisor graphs are $c_4$-free.‎

orthogonal zero interpolants (ozi) are polynomials which interpolate the “zero-function” at a finite number of pre-assigned nodes and satisfy orthogonality condition. ozi’s can be constructed by the 3-term recurrence relation. these interpolants are found useful in the solution of constrained approximation problems and in the structure of gauss-type quadrature rules. we present some theoretical...

it is generally recognised that ‘zero’ as we understand the concept today originated in two geographically separated cultures: the maya and indian. however, if zero merely signified a magnitude or a direction separator (i.e. separating those above the zero level from those below the zero level), the egyptian zero, nfr, dating back at least four thousand years, amply served these purposes. if ze...

let $r$ be a commutative ring with identity and $m$ an $r$-module. in this paper, we associate a graph to $m$, say ${gamma}({}_{r}m)$, such that when $m=r$, ${gamma}({}_{r}m)$ coincide with the zero-divisor graph of $r$. many well-known results by d.f. anderson and p.s. livingston have been generalized for ${gamma}({}_{r}m)$. we show that ${gamma}({}_{r}m)$ is connected with ${diam}({gamma}({}_...

for an arbitrary ring $r$, the zero-divisor graph of $r$, denoted by $gamma (r)$, is an undirected simple graph that its vertices are all nonzero zero-divisors of $r$ in which any two vertices $x$ and $y$ are adjacent if and only if either $xy=0$ or $yx=0$. it is well-known that for any commutative ring $r$, $gamma (r) cong gamma (t(r))$ where $t(r)$ is the (total) quotient ring of $r$. in this...

The notion of strongly Lie zero-product preserving maps on normed algebras as a generalization of Lie zero-product preserving maps are dened. We give a necessary and sufficient condition from which a linear map between normed algebras to be strongly Lie zero-product preserving. Also some hereditary properties of strongly Lie zero-product preserving maps are presented. Finally the second dual of...