A 3–8 GHz delay-locked loop (DLL) with cycle jitter calibration is presented. To lower the operation frequency of a voltage-controlled delay line (VCDL), this DLL adopts the dividers, an edge combiner, and the multiple VCDLs. A duty cycle correction circuit is presented to maintain the output duty cycle of 50%. This DLL has been fabricated in 90-nm CMOS process. The measured peak-to-peak jitter...

Bandpass channel filtering is shown to attenuate both random and determinstic jitter components in high frequency clock signals. A fully differential, tunable LC bandpass filter is developed and employed to reduce Gaussian and sinusoidal distributed jitter and duty cycle distortion.

Two different types of H sources are operated at DESY: a magnetron source and an RF-driven volume source. H sources for HERA have to run for long uninterrupted periods with a low duty factor and a high reliability. There are now 15 years of experience with the magnetron and 6 years with the RF-driven volume source. Several improvements are under test for our RF-driven volume source. The status ...

Synthesis of functionally gradient coating was the main goal of researches to cover some deficiencies of metallic coatings. In this study, a new strategy for generating functionally gradient coatings of nickel-chromium on a carbon steel substrate using pulse electrodeposition has been presented. The gradual changes of the duty cycle and pulse frequency were used to generate the functionally gra...

A pulsed source for producing clusters of reactive species in a supersonic expansion has been successfully implemented. The design utilizes two commercial pulsed valves to mix cluster components directly in the expansion, forming cold complexes and minimizing or eliminating the complications due to prereaction of the sample. The duty cycle of the source is well matched to pulsed laser probe tec...

The Laser Interferometer Gravitational wave Observatory (LIGO) is a network of first generation interferometric detectors aiming to make the first direct observations of gravitational waves. Progress in the commissioning of the detectors has brought them within a factor of two of their design sensitivity near 150Hz during the most recent science run of the instruments in March of 2005. Further ...

Recent measurements highlight the importance of batteryaware evaluation of energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks. However, existing battery models been not investigated in the context of the low duty cycle, short duration loads that are typical of sensor networks. We evaluate three battery models with regard to their applicability in the WSN context. Our evaluation focuses on how the mo...

In this work, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to investigate the effects of duty cycle changes and utilization of tantalum nitride interlayer on the surface roughness and adhesion of Ta coating deposited by pulsed-DC plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition. To examine the simulation results, some selected deposition conditions were experimentally implemented and characterize...