The gravitational search algorithm (GSA) is a kind of swarm intelligence optimization algorithm based on the law of gravitation. The parameter initialization of all swarm intelligence optimization algorithms has an important influence on the global optimization ability. Seen from the basic principle of GSA, the convergence rate of GSA is determined by the gravitational constant and the accelera...

(99m)Tc-galactosyl human serum albumin (GSA) scintigraphy is useful to evaluate hepatic function and hepatic functional reserve. A reliable SPECT and CT integrated system is now commercially available. Using this system, we can obtain (99m)Tc-GSA SPECT/CT fused imaging with a small registration error. Therefore, the (99m)Tc-GSA scintigraphy techniques prove more useful in clinical practice than...

489 Abstract: The presence and distribution of Griffonia Simplicifolia I-B4 (GSA I-B4) and Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide (CGRP) were studied in the nodose ganglion (NG) (inferior ganglion of the vagus nerve), sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) and superior cervical ganglion (SCG) of the rat. GSA I-B4 labeling was found in all ganglia tested. Neither SPG nor SCG cell bodies stained with CGRP were u...

Gene set analysis (GSA) is useful in interpreting a genome-wide association study (GWAS) result in terms of biological mechanism. We compared the performance of two different GSA implementations that accept GWAS p-values of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or gene-by-gene summaries thereof, GSA-SNP and i-GSEA4GWAS, under the same settings of inputs and parameters. GSA runs were made with ...

Guanidinosuccinic acid (GSA) has been isolated in substantial quantities from the urine of uremic patients (I). Attempts to form this compound by transamidination from canavanine and arginine to aspartic acid were unsuccessful. A possible pathway has been found for GSA formation. Human liver homogenate splits canavaninosuccinic acid (CSA) to form homoserine and GSA. Optimum pH is at 8.7-8.8. Th...

the concept of intelligently controlling the search process of gravitational search algorithm (gsa) is introduced to develop a novel data mining technique. the proposed method is called fuzzy gsa miner (fgsa-miner). at first a fuzzy controller is designed for adaptively controlling the gravitational coefficient and the number of effective objects, as two important parameters which play major ro...

Culik and Kari introduced the use of gener-alised stochastic automata (GSA) as a method of digital image compression. The construction of a GSA from an image is a kind of automaton acquisition, although with special characteristics because reproduction is not required to be lossless. In this view an image is a kind of-nite formal language. We detail experimental and theoretical results concerni...

The ubiquitously expressed G protein a-subunit Gsamediates the intracellular cAMP response to glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) and other incretin hormones in pancreatic islet cells. We have shown previously that mice with b-cell-specific Gsa deficiency (bGsKO) develop severe early-onset insulindeficient diabetes with a severe defect in b-cell proliferation. We have now generated mice with Gsa def...

In infected humans, hepatitis C virus (HCV) exists as a quasispecies typically characterized by multiple nucleotide substitutions within the second envelope gene hypervariable region 1 (HVR1). In the current study, we used heteroduplex gel shift analysis (GSA) of HVR1 sequences amplified directly from patients' sera to define two patterns of HCV quasispecies: (i) simple quasispecies, which gave...

The ability of dopamine1 (D1) receptors to inhibit luminal Na -H exchanger (NHE) activity in renal proximal tubules and induce a natriuresis is impaired in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). However, it is not clear whether the defect is at the level of the D1 receptor, Gsa, or effector proteins. The coupling of the D1 receptor to Gsa and NHE3 was studied in renal brush border membranes (BB...