Contemporary analyses of Athenian democracy have focused on binaries such as mass/elite, free/slave, and male/female, overlooking the urban/rural divide. In this article, I argue that was a central cleavage in demos. Ancient thinkers including Thucydides, Aristophanes, Plato, Xenophon, Aristotle paid close attention to differences their consequences during fifth century. Plato particular develo...

A bandgap reference circuit that uses high-voltage drainextended MOS (DeMOS) devices is presented for high supply voltage application without using a voltage regulator for the bandgap core circuit. The bandgap reference circuit was fabricated using commercially available 0.18μm high-voltage DeMOS technology. Measurement result of the chip shows that the reference voltage change rate for VDD var...

This paper presents the demo version of FIVE (Framework for an Integrated Voice Environment). Main characteristics, some implementation details and a demonstrate plan are considered.

The aim of this paper is to analyse the numerous metaphors that Plato employs in his Republic symbolise ignorance, immorality, and political inadequacy “multitude”, other words people who live a democracy. Plato’s symbols highlight negativity – illustrated dialogues as well Athenian demos order suggest only role must play: becoming subjects “divine” philosophers perfect city described Republic....