Introduction: Previous studies of the radiographic progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA) have yielded highly inconsistent estimates of the overall rate and variability of joint space narrowing (JSN)—a surrogate for loss of articular cartilage. Published estimates of the annual rate of JSN in these studies, all of which relied on the conventional standing anteroposterior (AP) radiograph, have ...

The choice of antihypertensive treatment should be guided by evidence of a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular (CV) events and therefore improved long-term outcome. Using pre-determined criteria, ten randomised, controlled trials that assessed the effects of calcium channel blockers (CCBs) on CV events in patients with hypertension were identified. Six of them enrolled a relatively small nu...

Dose response curves were determined for phytochrome phototransformation and for a phytochrome-controlled decrease in geotropic curvature in epicotyls of dark-grown Pisum sativum L. cv. Alaska. Ten times as much light was required to produce a spectrophotometrically detectable transformation of phytochrome as was required to produce a significant change in the geotropic response. The red light ...

BACKGROUND Reports on the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and risk of death, cardiovascular (CV) events, diabetes and depression have been inconsistent. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of the prognostic value of clinical and polysomnographic (PSG) characteristics of OSA for adverse long-term outcomes of untreated OSA in adult patients. A comprehensive search strateg...

This study assessed the reliability of a 'self-paced' 30-min, team-sport running protocol on a Woodway Curve 3.0 non-motorised treadmill (NMT). Ten male team-sport athletes (20.3 ± 1.2 y, 74.4 ± 9.7 kg, VO2peak 57.1 ± 4.5 ml·kg(-1)·min(-1)) attended five sessions (VO2peak testing + familiarisation; four reliability trials). The 30-min protocol consisted of three identical 10-min activity blocks...

The main objective of this study is to compare the productive performance and genetic relationships among three garlic genotypes which are common in Egyptian market. Cultivars with fewer cloves gave higher yields. Eggaseed-1 cv. and Sids-40 cv. produced between 9.7-11.9 ton/fed (fresh yield) and Egyptian cv. gave between 8.8-9.1 ton/fed (fresh yield) in both seasons of experiment. Simple sequen...

In 1941 Gregg provided the first evidence that rubella virus (family Togaviridae, genus Rubivirus) causes human congenital defects (1). Although rubella virus infection usually causes a mild disease comprising fever and rash, rubella epidemics have been associated with congenital defects in children of women who became infected during their first trimester of pregnancy (2). The risk of in utero...

Eight native speakers of American English each produced ten tokens of all possible CV, FCV, and VFCV utterances with V = [a] or [u], F = [s] or [integral of], and C = [t] or [k]. Acoustic analysis showed that the formant transition onsets following the stop consonant release were systematically influenced by the preceding fricative, although there were large individual differences. In particula...