Extensive research has focussed on the development of novel high retention membrane bioreactor (HR-MBR) systems for wastewater reclamation in recent years. HR-MBR integrates high rejection membrane separation with conventional biological treatment in a single step. High rejection membrane separation processes currently used in HR-MBR applications include nanofiltration, forward osmosis, and mem...

We present minimum Bayes-risk system combination, a method that integrates consensus decoding and system combination into a unified multi-system minimum Bayes-risk (MBR) technique. Unlike other MBR methods that re-rank translations of a single SMT system, MBR system combination uses the MBR decision rule and a linear combination of the component systems’ probability distributions to search for ...

The development and application of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) for fullscale municipal wastewater treatment is the most important recent technological advance in terms of biological wastewater treatment. The MBR is a suspended growth-activated sludge system that utilizes microporous membranes for solid/liquid separation instead of secondary clarifiers. It represents a decisive step forward conc...

Minimum Bayes Risk (MBR) decoders improve upon MAP decoders by directly optimizing loss function of interest: Word Error Rate MBR decoding is expensive when the search spaces are large Segmental MBR (SMBR) decoding breaks the single utterance-level MBR decoder into a sequence of simpler search problems. – To do this, the N-best lists or lattices need to be segmented We present: A new lattice se...

BACKGROUND It is difficult to identify glaucoma in myopic eyes because the configuration of the optic disc varies; yet it is important clinically. Here, we used laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) to measure mean blur rate (MBR), representing optic disc microcirculation, and assessed its ability to identify glaucoma in eyes with myopic optic discs. METHODS 129 eyes (normal disc: 21 eyes; myopic d...

[1] The subsurface transfer of water from a mountain block to an adjacent basin (mountain block recharge (MBR)) is a commonly invoked mechanism of recharge to intermountain basins. However, MBR estimates are highly uncertain. We present an approach to characterize bulk fluid circulation in a mountain block and thus MBR that utilizes environmental tracers from the basin aquifer. Noble gas rechar...

This study examines movement-based registration (MBR). In MBR, a mobile station (MS) performs location registration whenever the number of entering cells reaches the specified movement threshold M. MBR is simple and its implementation is quite straightforward. However, it may result in more registrations than other similar schemes. We propose an improved MBR scheme, in which MBR combines with i...

This study demonstrated the feasibility of implementing of MBR in pharmaceutical wastewater independently, and concluded different applications of MBR in industries. Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology was a new wastewater treatment technology with a combination of membrane separation technology and biological treatment technology, which had unique advantages on pharmaceutical wastewater treat...

A membrane bioreactor (MBR) and an activated sludge process (ASP) were operated side by side to evaluate the change of sludge supernatant characteristics and the evolution of the sludge fouling propensity. The MBR sludge had a higher organic concentration and more biopolymer clusters (BPC) in the supernatant compared with ASP. BPC increased in both concentration and size in the MBR. The results...