In an attempt to capture the fundamental features that are common to neural networks, we define a parameterized Neural Abstract Machine (NAM ) in such a way that the major neural networks in the literature can be described as natural extensions or refinements of the NAM . We illustrate the refinement for feedforward networks with back-propagation training. The NAM provides a platform and progra...

Protocol design requires understanding state distributed across many nodes, complex message exchanges, and with competing traÆc. Traditional analysis tools (such as packet traces) too often hide protocol dynamics in a mass of extraneous detail. This paper presents nam , a network animator that provides packet-level animation and protocol-speci c graphs to aid the design and debugging of new net...

Adaptation of domesticated species to diverse agroclimatic regions has led to abundant trait diversity. However, the resulting population structure and genetic heterogeneity confounds association mapping of adaptive traits. To address this challenge in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]-a widely adapted cereal crop-we developed a nested association mapping (NAM) population using 10 diverse g...

In this paper, we introduce the Stethoscopic Non-Audible Murmur (NAM) microphone, and we focus on its application in automatic speech recognition systems. The NAM microphone is attached behind the talker’s ear, and can capture very quietly uttered murmur (NAM speech). It is applicable in automatic speech recognition systems, when privacy is important in human-machine communication. Moreover, si...

Nicotinamide (NAM) has been shown to suppress reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in primary human fibroblasts, thereby extending their replicative lifespan when added to the medium during long-term cultivation. Based on this finding, NAM is hypothesized to affect cellular senescence progression by keeping ROS accumulation low. In the current study, we asked whether NAM is indeed able to r...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We have previously shown that nicotinamide (NAm) acutely reduces brain infarction induced by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in rats. In this study, we investigate whether NAm may protect against ischemia/reperfusion injury by improving sensory and motor behavior as well as brain infarction volumes in a model of transient focal cerebral ischemia. METHO...

[1] Vertical structure and evolution of the wintertime Northern Hemisphere Annular Mode (NAM), the first Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) of geopotential height anomalies, are constructed from the 2005–2009 Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) measurements in the entire middle atmosphere between 316 hPa ( 9 km) and 0.001 hPa ( 90 km). This is the first report of NAM structure extending into the...

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sir2 protein is an NAD(+)-dependent histone deacetylase (HDAC) that functions in transcriptional silencing and longevity. The NAD(+) salvage pathway protein, Npt1, regulates Sir2-mediated processes by maintaining a sufficiently high intracellular NAD(+) concentration. However, another NAD(+) salvage pathway component, Pnc1, modulates silencing independently of the N...

We propose a speaker verification method using non-audible murmur (NAM) segments, which are different from normal speech and hard for other people to catch them. To use NAM, we therefore take a text-dependent verification strategy in which each user utters her/his own keyword phrase and utilize not only speaker-specific but also keyword-specific acoustic information. We expect this strategy to ...

In this paper, assuming that there is an intermediate functional category called Agreement Phrase (AGRP) in DP, I argue that an adnominal modifier such as a pre-nominal adjective or relative clause (RC) is base-generated in Spec,AGRP. In particular, I distinguish between Restrictive Adnominal Modifiers (RAM) and Non-restrictive Adnominal Modifiers (NAM), and argue that the NAM in head-final lan...