When organisations commit themselves to work with urban poor communities, they are often faced with difficult choices. Should they confront and challenge the powers that determine and rule their lives or should they work around the problem and negotiate? What do they need themselves to be in a position of strength, should they choose the latter path? Can their interests be served if they choose...

There are numerous studies that demonstrate the anti-neoplastic activity of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors and the mechanisms of inducing autophagy in cancer cells. The new anticancer drug puquitinib mesylate (XC-302) is a molecular-targeted drug, which suppresses the activity of PI3K directly. However, it remains unclear whether XC-302 can develop an antitumor effect by induci...

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted healthcare delivery and education of physicians, including rheumatology trainees. Objectives: To assess the impact on clinical experiences, research opportunities, well-being Methods: A voluntary, anonymous, web-based survey was administered in English, Spanish, or French from 19/08/2020 to 05/10/2020. Adult paediatric trainees worldwide training ...

Telomerase reactivation, which prevents telomere shortening and maintains cell viability, is crucial for the continued growth or progression of cancer cells. A minisatellite tandem repeat, MNS16A, located in the downstream of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene was recently identified and reported to have an effect on hTERT expression and telomerase activity. The aim of this...

PURPOSE Conventional anticancer treatments are often impaired by the presence of hypoxia. TH-302 selectively targets hypoxic tumor regions, where it is converted into a cytotoxic agent. This study assessed the efficacy of the combination treatment of TH-302 and radiotherapy in two preclinical tumor models. The effect of oxygen modification on the combination treatment was evaluated and the effe...

PURPOSE Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematologic neoplasm. Recent evidence has shown the bone marrow microenvironment in patients with AML to be intrinsically hypoxic. Adaptive cellular responses by leukemia cells to survive under low oxygenation also confer chemoresistance. We therefore asked whether therapeutic exploitation of marrow hypoxia via the hypoxia-activated nitrogen...

PURPOSE TH-302, a prodrug of the cytotoxic alkylating agent bromo-isophosphoramide mustard, is preferentially activated in hypoxic conditions. This phase II study investigated TH-302 in combination with doxorubicin, followed by single-agent TH-302 maintenance therapy in patients with first-line advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS) to assess progression-free survival (PFS), response rate, overall ...

یعتبر الإمام الشافعی رئیس المذهب الشافعی وأحد أئمة أهل السنة الأربعة، تتلمذ ولأسباب مختلفة لدی العدید من الأساتذة، مؤسس منهجی الفقه والأصول، هذین المذهبین اللذین قام أحدهما فی العراق والآخر فی مصر، واتسعا مع مرور الزمن، لیصبحا فیما بعد المذهبین الشافعیین القدیم والجدید، ومن خلال التدقیق فی آثار الإمام الشافعی بهدف الکشف عن الاختلافات فیما بین المذهبین، یمکن العثور علی نظریات مختلفة. فالبعض رأی ...

Noroviruses are the leading cause of epidemic gastroenteritis, including foodborne outbreak, in Korea. The prevalence of human noroviruses was studied in diarrheal stool samples of patients with acute gastroenteritis by conventional duplex reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. Diarrheal stool samples were collected from 1,685 patients from the local hospitals in Seoul. The prevalence of the norovirus...