The kinetics of activation of normal and gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla)-deficient prothrombins isolated from cattle maintained for extended periods on the vitamin K antagonist dicoumarol were studied. The catalyst was prothrombinase, comprising isolated Factor Xa, Factor Va, phospholipid vesicles, and calcium ion. The Km and kcat values for prothrombins with 0, 1, 2, 5, 7, and 10 Gla residues...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes and cost effectiveness of the gasless laparoscopic appendectomy (GLA) and conventional laparoscopic appendectomy (LA). METHODS From Aug 2010 to Feb 2012, 100 patients with a clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis in Shanghai Tongji hospital were included in the study and randomly divided into the LA and GLA groups, ...

AIMS To investigate the efficacy and safety of insulin glargine 300 U/mL (Gla-300) vs insulin glargine 100 U/mL (Gla-100) over 12 months in a patient-level meta-analysis, using data from the EDITION studies in people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). METHODS EDITION 1, 2 and 3 were multicentre, randomized, open-label, 2-arm, parallel-group, treat-to-target phase IIIa studies. Similar study designs...

GLA Economics provides expert advice and analysis on London's economy and the economic issues facing the capital. Data and analysis from GLA Economics form a basis for the policy and investment decisions facing the Mayor of London and the GLA group. The unit is funded by the Greater London Authority, Transport for London and the London Development Agency. GLA Economics uses a wide range of info...

Platelets play a pivotal role in atherothrombosis and the antiplatelet agents have been proved to be useful in preventing onset of acute clinical events including myocardial infarction and stroke. Increasing number of natural compounds has been identified to be potential antiplatelet agents. Here we report the antiplatelet effect of glaucocalyxin A (GLA), an ent-diterpenoid that we isolated and...

Gamma linolenic acid (GLA) has been proposed as a valuable new cancer therapy having selective anti-tumour properties with negligible systemic toxicity. Proposed mechanisms of action include modulation of steroid hormone receptors. We have investigated the effects of GLA with primary hormone therapy in an endocrine-sensitive cancer. Thirty-eight breast cancer patients (20 elderly Stage I-II, 14...

BACKGROUND γ-Linolenic acid (GLA) is important because of its nutritional value and medicinal applications. Although the biosynthetic pathways of some plant and microbial GLA have been deciphered, current understanding of the correlation between desaturases and GLA synthesis in oleaginous fungi is incomplete. In previous work, we found that a large amount of oleic acid (OA) had not been convert...

Transparent thermoelectric materials enable the integration of sensing and energy harvesting devices on various surfaces such as windows user interfaces. A key constraint for device performance in applications is available surface area from which power should be harvested without compromising optical properties. Here, we demonstrate atomic layer deposition (ALD) aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO),...

Editorial The key question of vitamin K nutrition in humans may be how much is enough. As with other vitamins, the answer could depend on which biological effect is observed. Vitamin K was first discovered as an antihemorrhagic factor, and it is now known to be required for the synthesis of several proteins involved in blood coagulation (prothrombin; Factors VII, IX, and X; proteins S and C). O...

The pathogenesis of valvar calcification, which complicates the course of cardiac valve disease and also affects tissue valve prostheses, is incompletely understood. The present work explores the possible role of the vitamin K-dependent, calcium-binding amino acid, gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) in valve mineralization. Gla is normally found in the vitamin K-dependent clotting factor proteins...