We discuss a beer recommendation engine that predicts whether a user has had a given beer as well as the rating the user will assign that beer based on the beers the user has had and the assigned ratings. k-means clustering is used to group similar users for both prediction problems. This framework may be valuable to bars or breweries trying to learn the preferences of their demographic, to con...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to describe the variation in the ethanol content of beer and specific categories of beer, and to illustrate the importance of accurate assessment of ethanol conversion factors for the calculation of apparent ethanol consumption from beer at the state and national levels in the U.S. METHOD Published sources of brand-level ethanol content, national brand s...

People often say that beer tastes better from a bottle than from a can. However, one can ask whether this perceived difference is reliable across consumers; And, if so, whether it is purely a psychological phenomenon (associated with the influence of packaging on taste perception), or whether instead it reflects some more mundane physico-chemical interaction between the packaging material (or p...

BACKGROUND Although the consumption of wine in particular has been associated with a lower risk of atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease, systematic reviews differ as to the relative protective effect of beer, wine and spirits. Two previous studies showed that red wine reduces fatty streak formation (early atherosclerosis) but not mature atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein (apo) E-deficient (ap...

Possibly one of the most widely used classroom exercises for demonstrating the dynamics of a supply chain is the Beer Distribution Gaine. The System Dynamics Group developed the exercise at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Sloan School of Management (Sterman 1989). Normally the game is played manually on a game board with paper demand and order cards. Pennies are used to track the mo...

OBJECTIVE We estimated the strength and direction of the association between product characteristics (beer type, package size, and brand name) and market-area socioeconomic characteristics, and promoted sales of beer in grocery stores. METHOD Supermarket scanner data from 64 market areas across the United States over 5 years were used to estimate regression models of the share of beer sales t...

در این مقاله یک مدل ریاضی برای مسئله سیستم تولیدی همکارانه ساخت بر اساس سفارش با رعایت انصاف تخصیص بار‌های تولید طراحی شده است. اهداف اصلی مدل، کمینه‌سازی هزینه‌‌های کل و حداکثر استفاده از منابع به‌منظور عادلانه شرایط عدم­قطعیت کنترل پارامتر‌های غیرقطعی روش برنامه‌ریزی فازی ‌شده نتایج نشان می‌دهد افزایش نرخ عدم‌قطعیت، می­یابد. ازآنجاکه ظرفیت کارخانه‌ها ثابت است، مقدار تقاضا، هر کارخانه نیز می­ی...

We have isolated a hop-sensitive variant of the beer spoilage bacterium Lactobacillus lindneri DSM 20692. The variant lost a plasmid carrying two contiguous open reading frames (ORF s) designated horB(L) and horC(L) that encode a putative regulator and multidrug transporter presumably belonging to the resistance-nodulation-cell division superfamily. The loss of hop resistance ability occurred w...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article is to review the literature on the effects of beer, wine and spirits on the behavioral consequences of alcohol consumption. METHOD The methods involve library research and analysis of the various published articles relating to experimental and survey studies of different effects RESULTS The major results indicate that (1) after spirits consumption blood...

Over the last years the development of new beer types such as alcohol–free beer has been increased. This development is motivated by the effort for a greater market share in the brewing industry and by the global trend to a healthier lifestyle without alcohol. Alcoholfree beer can be produced by removal of alcohol after regular beer fermentation or by methods that suppress alcohol formation. Su...