Given a string S, the compressed indexing problem is to preprocess S into a compressed representation that supports fast substring queries. The goal is to use little space relative to the compressed size of S while supporting fast queries. We present a compressed index based on the Lempel–Ziv 1977 compression scheme. We obtain the following time-space trade-offs: For constant-sized alphabets (i...

It is widely assumed that O(m+ lg σ) is the best one can do for finding a pattern of length m in a compacted trie storing strings over an alphabet of size σ, if one insists on linear-size data structures and deterministic worst-case running times [Cole et al., ICALP’06]. In this article, we first show that a rather straightforward combination of well-known ideas yields O(m+lg lg σ) deterministi...

Polymorphism of the b-lactoglobulin (b-LG) gene in 101 cows belonging to the Holstein herd and a superior cow, producing more than 150 Kg milk/day, together with four offsprings was investigated by the Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. In the Holstein herd, the alleles A and B of the b-LG gene had frequencies of 0.53 and 0.47, respectively. Th...

Hypercubic sorting networks are a class of comparator networks whose structure maps eeciently to the hypercube and any of its bounded degree variants. Recently, n-input hypercubic sorting networks with depth 2 O(p lg lg n) lg n have been discovered. These networks are the only known sorting networks of depth o(lg 2 n) that are not based on expanders, and their existence raises the question of w...

We define and design succinct indexes for several abstract data types (ADTs). The concept is to design auxiliary data structures that ideally occupy asymptotically less space than the information-theoretic lower bound on the space required to encode the given data, and support an extended set of operations using the basic operators defined in the ADT. The main advantage of succinct indexes as o...

10 technique enables a simple cost-eeective implementation with little eeort. It was used for the rst time to implement a fast optimal parallel hashing algorithm 7]. The hashing algorithm in 7] comprises two parts: the rst part is a randomized geometric decaying algorithm which runs for O(lg lg n) steps. By using the technique of this paper and the O(lg lg n) time load balancing of 6], this par...

We develop a data structure for maintaining a dynamic multiset that uses O(n lg lg n/ lg n) bits and O(1) words, in addition to the space required by the n elements stored, supports searches in O(lg n) worst-case time and updates in O(lg n) amortized time. Compared to earlier data structures, we improve the space requirements from O(n) bits to O(n lg lg n/ lg n) bits, but the running time of up...

to answer challenge of targeted and controlled drug release in oral delivery various materials were studied by different methods. in the present paper, controlled metal based drug (pd(ii) complex) release manner of β‑lactoglobulin (β-lg) nanoparticles was investigated using mathematical drug release model in order to design and production of a new oral drug delivery system for gastrointestinal ...

Lytic granule (LG)-mediated apoptosis is the main mechanism by which CTL kill virus-infected and tumorigenic target cells. CTL form a tight junction with the target cells, which is called the immunological synapse (IS). To avoid unwanted killing of neighboring cells, exocytosis of lytic granules (LG) is tightly controlled and restricted to the IS. In this study, we show that in activated human ...

AIMS Our aim was to evaluate the invasive haemodynamic indices of high-risk symptomatic patients presenting with 'paradoxical' low-flow, low-gradient, severe aortic stenosis (AS) (PLF-LG) and low-flow, low-gradient severe AS (LEF-LG) and to compare clinical outcomes following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) among these challenging AS subgroups. METHODS AND RESULTS Of 534 sympto...