To correct the incongruence of document types between the numerator and denominator in the traditional impact factor (IF), we make a corresponding adjustment to its formula and present five corrective IFs: IFTotal/Total, IFTotal/AREL, IFAR/AR, IFAREL/AR, and IFAREL/AREL. Based on a survey of researchers in the fields of ophthalmology and mathematics, we obtained the real impact ranking of sampl...

A simple method to calculate the total annihilation cross section of massive cold relics is presented. Exact expressions for arel, brel, and crel of σvrel = arel + brelv 2 rel + crelv 4 rel are obtained from simple derivatives of the squared annihilation amplitude. Three examples are given. In one example, the computed annihilation cross section of massive Dirac neutrinos confirms recent correc...

Large systems often have a long life-span and their system and software architecture design comprise many intricately related elements. The verification and maintenance of these architecture designs require an understanding of how and why the system are constructed. Design rationale is the reasoning behind a design and it provides an explanation of the design. However, the reasoning is often un...

The present study examined the effects of chitosan (Ch) and chitosan combined with sodium tripolyphosphate (Nch) nanoparticles as coating materials for Cynoglossus arel fillets during superchilling storage. Treatments included the following: C (untreated, control samples), AC (treated with 1% glacial acetic acid, acid control), Ch (treated with 2% w/v chitosan solution, Chitosan) and Nch (treat...

Proteins experience a wide variety of conformational dynamics that can be crucial for facilitating their diverse functions. How is the intrinsic flexibility required for these motions encoded in their three-dimensional structures? Here, the overall flexibility of a protein is demonstrated to be tightly coupled to the total amount of surface area buried within its fold. A simple proxy for this, ...

Abstract Relational cost analysis aims at formally establishing bounds on the difference in evaluation costs of two programs. As a particular case, one can also use relational to establish same program different inputs. One way perform is type-and-effect system that supports reasoning about relations between executions Building this basic idea, we present system, called ARel, for relative (the ...