The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of five commercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (A, B, C, D, and E) from different suppliers for detecting aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). AFB1-free corn samples supplemented with different levels of AFB1 (5, 10, and 20 μg/kg) were used as positive controls and 6 replicates of each control sample were tested to evaluate the accuracy...

Silymarin, the standardized extract of Silybum marianum, is used as a hepatoprotector in man, and is a potent antihepatotoxic agent. This study focused on the effects of a silymarin-phospholipid complex in reducing the toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in broiler chickens. Twenty-one 14-d-old male commercial broilers were randomly allotted to 3 groups and treated as follows: basal diet alone...

Background & Aim: Aflatoxin (AF) is the most important fungus that contaminates food and feed and can enter the food chain of humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of thistle seeds (silybum marianum L.) to reduce the adverse effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on the immune system, variables related to the intestine, appearance and mortality of t...

Three-hundred and twenty 7-day-old Ross 308-strain broiler chickens were fed diets containing 0 or 125 ppb aflatoxin B 1 (AFB1) from 7 to 28 days of age. Sodium bentonite (0.5%), yeast (Saccharomyces cervisiae) 0.2%, hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) (0.5%), ammonia (0.5%), formycine (0.1%), and toxiban (0.1%) were added to the basal diet, as fed basis to determine the effects of ...

Samples of food crops (peanut, peeled pistachio, unpeeled pistachio, rice, and corn) and feed (barley, bran, corn) were autoclave-sterilized, and inoculated with 10(6) of spore suspension of an isolate of Aspergillus flavus fungus known to produce aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) . Following a 10-day period of incubation at 27 C to allow for fungal growth, food and feed samples were irradiated with gamma ra...

Consequences of subchronic exposure to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on liver monooxygenase and transferase enzymes were compared in control pigs and pigs given 385, 867 or 1,807 microg AFB1/kg of feed for 4 weeks. Animals exposed to the highest dose of toxin developed clinical signs of aflatoxicosis, like liver fibrosis, hepatic dysfunction and decreased weight gain. This group had significantly lower l...

Cytochrome P450 enzymes are often responsible for the toxic and carcinogenic effects of toxicants, such as aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). The human hepatic CYP2A6 enzyme mediates the oxidative metabolism of several procarcinogens. In this study, we characterized a partial sequence of CYP2A6 gene from Arbor Acres (AA) broiler and studied its role in AFB1 bioactivation. Moreover, the effect of curcumin on ...

Background & Aim: Aflatoxin (AF) is the most important fungus that contaminates food and feed and can enter the food chain of humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of thistle seeds (silybum marianum L.) to reduce the adverse effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on the immune system, variables related to the intestine, appearance and mortality of t...

Background: Aflatoxin is one of the most important fungal toxins with documented hepatotoxic, teratogenic, and immunosuppressive properties. This mycotoxin mainly produced by species genus Aspergillus in feed. Therefore, application compounds, which prevent complications aflatoxins without losing feed quality, highly beneficial. Objectives: study aimed to determine effect Echinacea purpurea L. ...

BACKGROUND Consumption of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contaminated products can pose a risk of development of various diseases in human and animals due to radical production. The scope of this work is to evaluate the efficacy of milk thistle seed (MTS), as a radical scavenger, on serum biochemistry, lipid profile and liver enzymes against AFB1 in broiler chickens contaminated with AFB1. MATERIALS AND...