Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains an obstacle in the current treatment provided for prostate cancer (PCa). Survivin, an apoptosis inhibitor, has been found to be involved in the progression of PCa, and is a promising candidate target for CRPC therapy. Micro (mi)RNAs are involved in the progression of PCa through the regulation of multiple genes. One of the objectives of the pr...

Background: Heart failure is a leading cause of death in industrialized nations especially in the aging populations. Novel approaches to treat the heart after acute injury and to improve cardiac hypertrophic remodeling and heart failure processes remain unsatisfactory. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is a member of the ATF/cAMPresponse elementbinding protein family of transcriptional f...

OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of ABT-494, a novel selective JAK-1 inhibitor, with placebo in patients with moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and an inadequate response or intolerance to at least 1 anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agent. METHODS In this 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study, 276 RA patients receiving a stable dose of metho...

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) potently suppress the anti-tumor immune responses and also orchestrate the tumor microenvironment that favors tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. The molecular networks regulating the accumulation and functions of tumor-expanded MDSCs are largely unknown. In this study, we identified microRNA-494 (miR-494), whose expression was dramatically induced by tum...

Cinobufacin is used clinically to treat patients with many solid malignant tumors. However, the mechanisms underlying action remain to be detailed. Our study focused on miRNAs involved in cinobufacin inhibition of GC cell proliferation. miRNA microarray analysis and real time PCR identified miR-494 as a significant cinobufacin- associated miRNA. In vivo, ectopic expression of miR-494 inhibited ...

BACKGROUND Reducing suicidal behaviour is a major public health goal. Expanding access to care has been identified as a key strategy. In Australia, a national network of primary-care based services (headspace) has been established for young people with mental ill-health. This study determines the socio-demographic, psychopathological and illness-stage correlates of suicidal ideation in young pe...

Lung cancer is the leading cause of tumor-related death worldwide and more efforts are needed to elucidate lung carcinogenesis. Here we investigated the expression of 641 miRNAs in lung tumorigenesis in a K-Ras(+/LSLG12Vgeo);RERTn(ert/ert) mouse model and 113 human tumors. The conserved miRNA cluster on chromosome 12qF1 was significantly and progressively upregulated during murine lung carcinog...

Accumulating evidence indicates that dysregulation of miRNAs could contribute to tumor growth and metastasis of chondrosarcoma by infuencing cell proliferation and invasion. In the current study, we are interested to examine the role of miRNAs in the carcinogenesis and progression of chondrosarcoma. Here, using comparative miRNA profiling of tissues and cells of chondrosarcoma and cartilage, we...

15.1 Emerging Compound Classes and Relevance to Herpetofauna .........................................494 15.1.1 Brominated Flame Retardants ..............................................................................494 15.1.2 Perfluorinated Chemicals......................................................................................496 15.1.3 Anionic Surfactants..............................

There is increasing evidence that miRNA and transcription factors interact in an instructive fashion in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. We explored the impact of TEL-AML1 (ETV6-RUNX1), the most common fusion protein in childhood leukemia, on miRNA expression and the leukemic phenotype. Using RNA interference, miRNA expression arrays, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we identified...