Nausea and vomiting are major concerns for patients who have to receive chemotherapy for an underlying malignancy. In this review, these concerns faced by patients receiving chemotherapy are presented along with discussion of the mechanisms of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting. Major targets of the 5HT3 antagonists, the NK1 antagonists and the dopamine antagonists are discussed along wit...

In this study, the influence of dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists on antinociception induced by bac10fen has been examined in the formalin test. The GABA-B agonist bac10fen induced antinociception in both phases of the formalin test in mice. The dopamine receptor agonists SKF 38393 and quinpirole also induced antinociception in both phases of the test. SKF 38393 but not quinpirole ...

background: radioprotective capability of histamine h2 receptor antagonists have been shown in several in vivo studies mainly using animal models. however, to verify the effectiveness of these agents in clinical applications, studies should be performed on human cells. in the present study radioprotective properties of these agents was examined in vitro on human lymphocytes using metaphase anal...

The nonselective alpha-adrenergic agonist oxymetazoline inhibits parathyroid hormone (PTH)-stimulated cAMP production in intact OK cells, an epithelial cell line derived from an American opossum kidney. This inhibition, however, is not blocked by alpha 2-adrenergic receptor antagonists. After excluding several alternate hypotheses to explain this anomalous activity of oxymetazoline, we hypothes...

quantitative structure-activity relationship (qsar) models were employed for prediction the activity of p2x7 receptor antagonists. a data set consisted of 50 purine derivatives was utilized in the model construction where 40 and 10 of these compounds were in the training and test sets respectively. a suitable group of calculated molecular descriptors was selected by employing stepwise multiple ...

in the present study, the effect of gaba (γ-aminobutyric acid) receptor agonists and antagonists on morphine-induced antinociception was investigated in formalin test in rats. intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of different doses of morphine (1, 3, 6 and 9 mg/kg) and intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of different doses of muscimol (0.5, 1 and 2 g/rat) or baclofen (0.25, 0.5 and 1 g/rat) ...

Serotonin is known to inhibit food and water intake. However, the effect of its injection into nucleus caudatus on food and water intake is not known. In the present study, serotonin hydrochloride, buspirone (the serotonin 5-HT1A agonist) and ondensetron (the 5HT3 antagonist) were injected into nucleus caudatus through stereotaxically implanted cannulae in three different dosages (1, 2 and 5 mi...

out direct bacterial or viral infection is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which is strongly associated with stress. The most common IBS symptoms are abnormal visceral discomfort, pain and diarrhea. Although the precise mechanism of IBS has not been fully elucidated, some symptoms of IBS are thought to involve the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor3 (5HT3). Zacopride, a 5-HT3-receptor antagonist, has...