BACKGROUND Cigar and e-cigarette use is becoming increasingly common among US tobacco users and the Food and Drug Administration recently asserted regulatory jurisdiction over these products, among others, in May 2016. Research on tobacco dependence among users of these products is limited, however. We therefore examined several symptoms of dependence and cessation intentions among adult cigare...

In this paper, we prove a monotonicity formula on cigar soliton. Using the monotonicity, obtain three-ball type theorem. There might be some people who have proved theorem Cigar Soliton before, but use new method. We add weight function in norm of u. By doing so, make calculation process much easier because when using integral by part, term that integrates at surface ball would disappear as zero.

BACKGROUND Our purpose was to test the hypotheses that cigar and pipe smoking have significant associations with periodontal disease and cigar, pipe, and cigarette smoking is associated with tooth loss. We also investigated whether a history of smoking habits cessation may affect the risk of periodontal disease and tooth loss. METHODS A group of 705 individuals (21 to 92 years-old) who were a...

OBJECTIVE Youth use of cigars has increased in the USA. Understanding brand preference among youth could help explain the attraction to cigars, and develop prevention strategies. This study reports on youth characteristics associated with preferences for cigar brands. DESIGN Data are presented on 5006 students in grades 7-12 (ages 12-18 years) in classrooms administered the cigar use reasons ...

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1. Rothman KJ, Gallacher JEJ, Hatch EE. Why representativeness should be avoided. Int J Epidemiol 2013;42:1012–14. 2. Rothman KJ, Gallacher JEJ, Hathc EE. Rebuttal: when it comes to scientific inference, sometimes a cigar is just a cigar. Int J Epidemiol 2013;42:1026–28. 3. Jöckel KH, Stang A. Cohort studies with low baseline response may not be generalisable to populations with different expos...

BACKGROUND The sale of cigars in the United States has been increasing for the past six years. Cigar smoking is a known risk factor for certain cancers and for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, unlike the relation between cigarette smoking and cardiovascular disease, the association between cigar smoking and cardiovascular disease has not been clearly established. METHODS...