This article examines connections between the Protestant Reformation and American literature and argues that Protestantism’s best expression exists in contemporary iterations of self-reliance. The first part focuses on William Ellery Channing’s and Ralph Waldo Emerson’s literary criticism of John Milton, a poet who represents the Protestant ideals these writers combine with American principles ...

Neuromuscular disorders constitute a significant proportion of neurologic complaints. However, it has not been very long since they came into focus in Iran. The first specialized meeting on muscle and nerve disorders was held in Isfahan, 2010. The second gathering took place soon after in Tehran 2011 as a joint program with French experts.1 Kerman was the third place to contribute to neuromuscu...

social revivalism and fighting against the stagnation that entangles societies are the main reasons for nation's awakening and their freedom from colonizers and oppressors. the renowned tunisian poet, abu al-qāsim al-shābbi, has called for uprising and awakening of people throughout his poetry book and has asked people not to be indifferent about what is going on around them. in this book,...

On March 9th, 2011, the eminent scholar of Iranian studies, historian, bibliographer, Persian manuscript expert, journalist, biographer and writer, Iraj Afshar passed away at the age of 85 in Tehran. His demise was a great loss to Iranian culture. He edited or wrote around 300 books in various fields of Iranian studies, including the history of medicine in Iran and published more than 2000 pape...

one of the different symbols of a contemporary poet is the historical characters which enjoys the hiroes of the history and has harmony with thoughts, issues and troubles. the present article studies the most imporatnt and most significant che guevara’s symbols such as: resistance symbol, jihad and resistance, awareness and knowledge, hope and wish.  other poets have applied che guevara’s chara...

This research paper aims to explore the influence of Platonism on poetry John Keats. Platonism, a philosophical system founded by Plato, emphasizes existence an ideal realm forms and pursuit beauty truth. Keats, renowned Romantic poet, was deeply influenced classical Greek philosophy, including Plato's teachings. study will examine how Keats incorporates Platonist ideas, particularly concept be...

Falling and being in love is a cross-cultural universal. The poet Khwaja Šams ud-Din Muhammad Hafez-e Širazi, or simply Hafez (14 th century D.C.), an important influence for both Persian and European culture, is noted for his love poetry. The first aim of the present study was to check to what extent items of a current questionnaire of love match themes of love found in Hafez‘ poetry. Then, we...

the calling of the ancient characters in modern arabic poem that inspires the poets needs some more researches to clear the content of the odes. this paper attempts to study the influence of the ancient characters in the poem of the famous contemporary egyptian poet, amal donqol (1941-1983). the poet tries to taking advantage from three techniques: name, role and speech. in his poem and change ...