The bodies of seed plants are comprised of two classes of organs with contrasting growth and symmetry attributes. Stems and roots are indeterminate organs that exhibit apical growth at apical meristems and radial growth at the vascular cambium, a pattern of growth that results in primarily radially symmetric organs. Lateral organs of the shoot, for example cotyledons, leaves, and floral organs,...

Leaf primordia are born around meristem-containing stem cells at shoot apices, grow along three axes (proximal-distal, adaxial-abaxial, medial-lateral), and develop into flat symmetric leaves with adaxial-abaxial polarity. Axis development and polarity specification of Arabidopsis leaves require a network of genes for transcription factor-like proteins and small RNAs. Here, we summarize present...

Floral longevity (FL) is an important floral functional trait which critical for flowering plants. FL shows great diversity among angiosperms; however, there limited information on the mechanisms that influence differences in longevity, especially relationship between petal anatomical traits and longevity. We aimed to examine (1) relationships tree peony cultivars (2) characteristics of longer ...

The leaf epidermis was studied in individuals of different ages (juvenile plants 1st year, immature year and 2nd years life) Ferula tadshikorum the family Apiaceae, grown conditions Tashkent Botanical Garden. leaves are amphistomatic ages. Plants characterized by presence three types stomata: anomocytic, hemiparacytic paracytic, which simultaneously present on both surfaces. anomocytic type sto...

The leaves of higher plants develop distinct cell types along their adaxial-abaxial (dorsal-ventral) axes. Interaction between leaf primordium cells with adaxial and abaxial identities is necessary for lateral growth of the developing leaf blade. We show that the growth and asymmetry of leaves in Antirrhinum majus involves the related YABBY transcription factors GRAMINIFOLIA (GRAM) and PROLONGA...

Alstonia scholaris R. Br. (Apocynaceae) is popularly known as “Saptaparni” or “Devil’s tree”, which is used in the traditional systems of medicine. The leaf is considered one of the important plant organs for the treatment of various disorders such as Beriberi disease, congestion of liver, in ulcer, dropsy, and stomachic pains. The current study has therefore been carried out to provide requisi...

The paper deals with pharmacognosy of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, including its morphological, anatomical, chemical constituents and powder analysis. Stomata are mostly anisotricytic, isotricytic and few tetracytic. Sphaero-crystals of calcium oxalate are observed in palisade, spongy and ground parenchyma of leaf lamina, petiole and rhizome and absent in roots. Uniseriate flagellate conical h...

The study presents comparative morpho-anatomical information of 10 common cultivars of Piper betle species available in India. The ten cultivars show some structural similarities. Four layered upper and two layered lower epidermis was observed in all the varities of P. betle studied. Crystals and oil reserves were found in the epidermal cells. The Kapoori Tuni variety has more stomatal and tric...

(Leaf anatomy of two Anemia Sw. species (Schizaeaceae-Pteridophyte) from a rocky outcrop in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). The ferns Anemia tomentosa (Sav.) Sw. var. anthriscifolia (Schrad.) Mickel and Anemia villosa Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. are widely associated with vegetation islands on rocky outcrops in Rio de Janeiro. Both species are desiccation tolerant. The leaf anatomy of these spec...