In the cochlea, the mammalian auditory organ, fibrocytes of the mesenchymal nonsensory regions play important roles in cochlear physiology, including the maintenance of ionic and hydric components in the endolymph. Occurrence of human deafness in fibrocyte alterations underlines their critical roles in auditory function. We recently described a novel gene, Otos, which encodes otospiralin, a sma...

We are reporting an infant with persistent abnormal liver function, neonatal jaundice, and intermittent hypoglycemia. Evaluation confirmed congenital hypopituitarism, in the absence of congenital anomalies and midline defect. His jaundice and abnormal liver function improved after treatment with Levothyroxine and hydrocortisone.

total abstention from food and water from sunrise to sunset during the month of  ramadan, is practiced by hundreds of millions of muslims throughout the world. this pattern of fasting during ramadan is different from the usual fasting as people are allowed to eat and drink between sunset and dawn but not after dawn. the amount and type of food (rich in protein, fat and sugar) eaten during the n...

Abstract Introduction The interpretation of cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) is challenging because the high variability cardiac lesions and poor tolerance often associated with abnormal function. aim this work to study correlation between echocardiographic evaluation CPET parameters ACHD population. Methods This a retrospective clinical enrolling al...

Introduction Video urodynamic studies (VUDS) use fluoroscopic imaging to visualize the bladder and multichannel urodynamics assess its function. Qualitative assessment of shape is used identify abnormal features (e.g., diverticula) that correspond with pathophysiology; however, this limited in ability predict Therefore, we developed a novel quantitative approach obtained from VUDS images utiliz...

Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase that exceed 1000 IU/L indicate acute viral hepatitis (A, B and, rarely, C), acute drug toxicity (eg, acetaminophen overdose or isoniazid hepatotoxicity), or ischemic liver injury. In chronic hepatitis (ie, hepatitis B or C or autoimmune), values range from mildly elevated to usually less than 400 IU/L. Elevated levels of al...

LFTs are not specific to specific systems or disease processes, yet abnormalities may indicate significant or serious disease. Interpreting abnormal LFTs and trying to diagnose any underlying liver disease is a common scenario in Primary Care. Single abnormalities in LFTs are difficult to localise and diagnose [2] . However, the pattern of abnormalities tests helps determine origin of the issue...

Advances in understanding the physiology of thyroid function in normal pregnancy have highlighted the importance of the consequences of abnormal function on obstetric outcome and foetal well-being. Pubmed search was done using the terms thyroid and pregnancy. Areas of agreement are the following: gestational normative reference ranges for thyroid function tests are required for proper interpret...