Minimally invasive endodontics' specific focus on dentine preservation is gaining popularity. Before deciding the appropriate endodontic access cavity design, clinicians should investigate advantages and disadvantages associated with different treatment modalities. The purpose of this article to provide a summary possible designs traditional, conservative ultra-conservative cavities, specifical...

AIM The purpose of this study was to assess in vitro the tooth color alterations associated with two commonly used endodontic irrigants, the chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) and the sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) up to 15 days post-treatment. Additionally, the possible influence of endodontic access preparation on tooth color was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty intact human anterior teet...

131I-TM-601 is a 36-amino acid peptide, called chlorotoxin (TM-601), derived from scorpion venom labeled with I-131. TM-601 binds a receptor on the surface of tumor cells, and not on normal cells. A single dose of 131I-TM-601 administered intracranially to human xenografted mouse models of glioma has been shown to extend survival up to 269% in multiple studies. 131I-TM-601 is in a multi-center ...

131I-TM-601 is a 36-amino acid peptide, called chlorotoxin (TM-601), derived from scorpion venom labeled with I-131. TM-601 binds a receptor on the surface of tumor cells, and not on normal cells. A single dose of 131I-TM-601 administered intracranially to human xenografted mouse models of glioma has been shown to extend survival up to 269% in multiple studies. 131I-TM-601 is in a multi-center ...

Natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) involves the intentional perforation of the viscera with an endoscope to access the abdominal cavity and perform an intraabdominal operation. In a brief time period, NOTES has been shown to be feasible in laboratory animal and human studies. Easy access to the peritoneal cavity and complete gastric closure should be secured before NOTES ca...

We present two schemes for driving Raman transitions between the ground-state hyperfine manifolds of a single atom trapped within a high-finesse optical cavity. In both schemes, the Raman coupling is generated by standing-wave fields inside the cavity, thus circumventing the optical access limitations that free-space Raman schemes must face in a cavity system. These cavity-based Raman schemes c...

We narrowed the spectral bandwidth of our 2 W broad-area laser to 8+/-1 GHz with a coarse tunability of 12 nm centered near 790 nm in an external cavity. Our passively stabilized external cavity was designed for use with high-power semiconductor lasers. The cavity length and mount are modular with a fixed pivot point so that the optical elements can be changed to access a broad frequency spectr...

Strongly coupled quantum dot-cavity systems provide a non-linear configuration of hybridized light-matter states with promising quantum-optical applications. Here, we investigate the coherent interaction between strong laser pulses and quantum dot-cavity polaritons. Resonant excitation of polaritonic states and their interaction with phonons allow us to observe coherent Rabi oscillations and Ra...

The midgut epithelium of lepidopteran insect larvae contains characteristic goblet cells possessing an apical cavity surrounded by goblet cell apical membrane (GCAM) and guarded from the gut lumen by a valve-like structure. The currently accepted model of active K+ secretion by the midgut of lepidopteran insect larvae locates the major active step at the GCAM, implying that actively transported...